Using intervarietal substitution lines for the identification of wheat chromosomes involved in early responses to water-deficit stress

Abstract

Water deficit induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, which in turn inhibits plant growth and development. High concentrations of ROS disrupt the osmotic balance in plant cells and alter membrane integrity. Chromosomes carrying structural or regulatory genes must be detected to better understand plant response mechanisms to stress. The aim of our study was to identify Triticum aestivum L. chromosomes involved in early responses to short-term water-deficit stress (1, 3 and 6 h). In the present study, intervarietal substitution lines of drought-tolerant 'Saratovskaya 29' and sensitive 'Janetzkis Probat' wheat cultivars were examined. We studied the biochemical plant response system and conducted an analysis of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activities, levels of lipid peroxidation and changes in relative water content. Our results determined that the first reaction was a significant increase in guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity. However, the strongest impact on plant responses was found for catalase (CAT), which caused a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels. Our findings indicate that chromosomes 5A, 4B, 6B and 7D are associated with early responses to short-term osmotic stress in wheat.

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the Maize Serine Peptidase S8 Family Genes in Response to Drought at Seedling Stage

“…In addition, the plants’ cellular redox homeostasis is disrupted [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ], while triggering an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response [ 5 ]. Accumulating unfolded or misfolded proteins during ER stress results in the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the oxidation of side chains of amino acid residues [ 6 ] and the formation of protein–protein covalent cross-linkage, which can lead to protein inactivation or denaturation [ 7 ]. If they are not rapidly degraded, oxidatively modified proteins can undergo direct fragmentation or can form large aggregates due to covalent cross-linking and increased surface hydrophobicity, which lead to cell death [ 8 ].…”

Effect of Harvest Time on the Seed Yield and Quality of Kengyilia melanthera

“…Higher water content (WC) prevents the seeds from falling off, while lower WC hinders the various physiological indices of the seeds from achieving the ideal state [30]. In addition, WC was negatively correlated with seed shattering but positively correlated with the accumulation of the dry matter of the endosperm [31,32].…”