Using graphic warning labels to counter effects of social cues and brand imagery in cigarette advertising

Niederdeppe, Jeff; Kemp, Deena; Jesch, Emma; Scolere, Leah; Safi, Amelia Greiner; Porticella, Norman; Avery, Rosemary J.; Dorf, Michael C.; Mathios, Alan; Byrne, Sahara

doi:10.1093/her/cyy039

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 19 Three of these included GWLs currently in use and licensed from the Commonwealth of Australia 22 —foot gangrene, neonatal baby, and throat cancer (eFigure 2 in Supplement 2 )—images that have been demonstrated to elicit a range of negative affect 19 thought necessary to counter the social cues and brand imagery of cigarettes. 23 We also manufactured blank packs, devoid of all marketing but with the US Surgeon General’s warning. The base color for all packs was an unappealing olive color.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs on US Smokers’ Cognitions and Smoking Behavior After 3 Months

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Key Points Question Can graphic warning labels on cigarette packs affect cognitions and smoking behavior among US daily smokers who are not ready to quit smoking? Findings This randomized clinical trial found that graphic warning labels decreased positive perceptions of cigarettes associated with branded cigarette packs but without clearly increasing health concerns. They also increased quitting cognitions but did not affect either cigarette cessation or consumption levels. Meaning Placing graphic warning labels on US cigarette packs did not have an effect on smoking behavior; however, these findings suggest that they may enhance other tobacco control strategies to reduce cigarette smoking.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs on US Smokers’ Cognitions and Smoking Behavior After 3 Months

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For this type of analysis, the transcripts were read through several times and thoroughly by team members to familiarize themselves with the content and emerging themes. This was followed by a line-by-line coding in reference to our specific research objectives [ 44 , 45 ]. Coded transcripts were exchanged among the research team members to ensure consistency and verify if selected codes represented the identified themes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I went in there, had a bit of an issue with those folks”: everyday challenges of heterosexual African, Caribbean and black (ACB) men in accessing HIV/AIDS services in London, Ontario

Antabe

Konkor

McIntosh³

et al. 2021

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In Canada, heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) men’s heightened risk of HIV infection has been linked to behavioral characteristics, including practices of hegemonic masculinity that discourage the use of HIV preventive services. However, this framing is bereft of the role of structural factors that may be contributing to new HIV infections. This paper examined the underlying factors limiting access to health services among heterosexual ACB men in London, Ontario Canada. Methods A convenient sampling technique was used to recruit thirty-seven (n = 37) self-identified heterosexual ACB men and service providers. Four focus groups (FG) were conducted; three with ACB participants of similar age category (i.e., 16–24; 25–38; 39+), and one with service providers. The FGs focused on the barriers to using health services and interrogated the ease of access to HIV intervention programs by ACB men respectively. Recurring themes from the FGs were probed further using in-depth interviews (n = 13). FGs and in-depth interviews complemented each other in reducing uneven power dynamics, fact checking, and allowing for detail discussion of the topic under study. Data analyses were done in NVivo using a mixed inductive-deductive thematic analyses approach. Results Most ACB men lacked information on HIV and were unaware of their increased risk of infection. Contrary to the notion that behavioral characteristics keep ACB men away from health services, we found that most ACB men were unaware of the availability of these services. Those that had some knowledge about the services reported that they were not appropriately tailored to their needs. In addition, stereotypes and stigma about the etiology of HIV among Blacks, and systemic neglect served as significant barriers to ACB men’s use of services. Conclusion The findings suggest that, to enhance preventive health service use among heterosexual ACB men, there is the need to remove structural barriers. Engaging ACB men in the design and implementation of policies may be useful at improving access to HIV information, testing, and treatment services. Increased information dissemination to ACB men would create awareness of the availability of HIV services. Finally, service providers should be conscious of ACB men’s concern about experiences of discrimination and racism at service centers.

show abstract

“…Indeed, pictorials can communicate a lot of information at a glance and can visually represent the potential hazard, the potential consequences and what people could do to prevent the hazard (Kalsher et al, 1996). Pictorials have been shown to more easily attract attention (Houts et al, 2006;Kaufmann & Ramirez-Andreotta, 2019;Niederdeppe et al, 2019;Sathar et al, 2016); to easily communicate guidelines because of the large amount of information they can capture (Wogalter et al, 2006); to be quickly comprehended (Dowse & Ehlers, 2005;Vigoroso et al, 2020 ); and to be understandable for everyone (also for low-literacy people-Adams et al, 2010; and for non-native speakers- Vigoroso et al, 2020;or people with impaired vision-Handcock et al, 2004). Although warning effectiveness does not always benefit from product familiarity (Rogers et al, 2000), several studies report that product familiarity does enhance pictorial comprehension (e.g., Caffaro et al, 2018;Chan & Ng, 2010;Lesch et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Use Of Pictorials Versus Text In Warningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study, using a participatory design involving consumers in the design of communication concerning cancer risks due to environmental exposures shows that participants recommended that graphic elements should outweigh text (Kaufmann & Ramirez-Andreotta, 2019). In addition, they induce more fear (Andrews et al, 2014;Davis & Burton, 2016;Niederdeppe et al, 2019) and increase respondents' perception of danger (Boelhouwer et al, 2013;Friedmann, 1988) (to note, this may not always be desirable for daily used products without safety concerns).…”

Section: The Use Of Pictorials Versus Text In Warningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, next to cognitive and affective effects, labels with pictorials have also been shown to exert a positive effect on behavioural compliance such as smoking cessation after exposure to pictorial warnings on cigarette packs (Andrews et al, 2014;Davis & Burton, 2016;Niederdeppe et al, 2019;Noar et al, 2016). The foregoing underscores the necessity to evaluate labels not only on cognitive outcomes, but also on affective and behavioural aspects.…”

Section: The Use Of Pictorials Versus Text In Warningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigating the effectiveness of simplified labels for safe use communication: The case of household detergents

Geuens

Byrne²,

Boeije³

et al. 2021

Int J Consumer Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study assessed the effectiveness of safety communication on the back labels of hazardous products (with regulatory and safety information as dictated by regulatory requirements), with household detergents as a test case. The potential of simplification to increase label effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the currently used labelling approach with two simplified alternatives. The labels mainly differed in terms of the amount of information and the prominence of pictograms. The generalisability of theoretical insights on the effectiveness of pictograms in safety messages to a more real-life context was tested by (a) realistic labels containing several other information elements besides the safety information and (b) target users who are knowledgeable about the product type. One thousand eight hundred (1,800) respondents participated in an online experiment and were randomly exposed to one of the labels. The positive cognitive and behavioural effects commonly attributed to pictorials could not be confirmed, but positive affective effects did emerge. Specifically, even though participants were asked to carefully read the label, they did not spend enough time to process all the content except for the most simplified label. The results did not show meaningful differences between the three labels in terms of information recall (which was poor for all executions), hazard perceptions and behavioural intentions when confronted with an accident. In contrast to this lack of differentiation in cognitive and behavioural intention effects, we did find a clear difference in the affective measure. A majority of the respondents preferred the simplified safety labels. As such, avoiding information overload, and conveying the information in an easier way by means of more prominent use of pictograms, appeared to be appreciated by consumers of household products, while it did not negatively impact label effectiveness.

show abstract

Using graphic warning labels to counter effects of social cues and brand imagery in cigarette advertising

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs on US Smokers’ Cognitions and Smoking Behavior After 3 Months

Effect of Graphic Warning Labels on Cigarette Packs on US Smokers’ Cognitions and Smoking Behavior After 3 Months

“I went in there, had a bit of an issue with those folks”: everyday challenges of heterosexual African, Caribbean and black (ACB) men in accessing HIV/AIDS services in London, Ontario

Investigating the effectiveness of simplified labels for safe use communication: The case of household detergents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About