Using geospatial networking tools to optimize source locations as applied to the study of food availability: A study in Guilford County, North Carolina

Mulrooney, Timothy; Foster, Richard B.; Jha, M. K.; Beni, Leila Hashemi; Kurkalova, Lyubov A.; Liang, Chyi Lyi; Miao, Haoran; Monty, G.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2021.102415

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Depending on the study goal, studies that want to include demographic census data may use census blocks, while those solely interested in optimal intervention delivery may choose fishnet grids. There are also other methods that can weight noncensus data with demographic information [ 45 ] that can be further explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Smartphone Survey and GPS Data to Inform Smoking Cessation Intervention Delivery: Case Study

Luken¹,

Desjardins²,

Moran³

et al. 2023

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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Background Interest in quitting smoking is common among young adults who smoke, but it can prove challenging. Although evidence-based smoking cessation interventions exist and are effective, a lack of access to these interventions specifically designed for young adults remains a major barrier for this population to successfully quit smoking. Therefore, researchers have begun to develop modern, smartphone-based interventions to deliver smoking cessation messages at the appropriate place and time for an individual. A promising approach is the delivery of interventions using geofences—spatial buffers around high-risk locations for smoking that trigger intervention messages when an individual’s phone enters the perimeter. Despite growth in personalized and ubiquitous smoking cessation interventions, few studies have incorporated spatial methods to optimize intervention delivery using place and time information. Objective This study demonstrates an exploratory method of generating person-specific geofences around high-risk areas for smoking by presenting 4 case studies using a combination of self-reported smartphone-based surveys and passively tracked location data. The study also examines which geofence construction method could inform a subsequent study design that will automate the process of deploying coping messages when young adults enter geofence boundaries. Methods Data came from an ecological momentary assessment study with young adult smokers conducted from 2016 to 2017 in the San Francisco Bay area. Participants reported smoking and nonsmoking events through a smartphone app for 30 days, and GPS data was recorded by the app. We sampled 4 cases along ecological momentary assessment compliance quartiles and constructed person-specific geofences around locations with self-reported smoking events for each 3-hour time interval using zones with normalized mean kernel density estimates exceeding 0.7. We assessed the percentage of smoking events captured within geofences constructed for 3 types of zones (census blocks, 500 ft2 fishnet grids, and 1000 ft2 fishnet grids). Descriptive comparisons were made across the 4 cases to better understand the strengths and limitations of each geofence construction method. Results The number of reported past 30-day smoking events ranged from 12 to 177 for the 4 cases. Each 3-hour geofence for 3 of the 4 cases captured over 50% of smoking events. The 1000 ft2 fishnet grid captured the highest percentage of smoking events compared to census blocks across the 4 cases. Across 3-hour periods except for 3:00 AM-5:59 AM for 1 case, geofences contained an average of 36.4%-100% of smoking events. Findings showed that fishnet grid geofences may capture more smoking events compared to census blocks. Conclusions Our findings suggest that this geofence construction method can identify high-risk smoking situations by time and place and has potential for generating individually tailored geofences for smoking cessation intervention delivery. In a subsequent smartphone-based smoking cessation intervention study, we plan to use fishnet grid geofences to inform the delivery of intervention messages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Smartphone Survey and GPS Data to Inform Smoking Cessation Intervention Delivery: Case Study

Luken¹,

Desjardins²,

Moran³

et al. 2023

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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“…Approaches used to determine accessibility to different types of food outlets include the absolute number count or density [ 14 , 25 ], dominance of certain types of food outlets [ 13 ], path distance calculation [ 7 ], and geo-big data analysis [ 26 ]. However, among the above approaches, GIS-based accessibility and relative ratio measures are considered to be more practical given their low computational cost and reduction in same-source bias [ 4 , 27 ]. However, these approaches only consider the number of food outlets, overlooking the range and mixture of different categories of food outlets.…”

Section: Previous Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Role of Objective Food Environment in Chinese Elderly’s Diet-Related Diseases Epidemic: Considering Both Healthy Food Accessibility and Diversity

Zhang

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The essential role of the objective food environment in achieving healthy aging has been widely recognized worldwide. However, the existing empirical evidence is mostly based on Western cases, and how the objective food environment associates with health outcomes among Chinese elderly remains poorly understood. By merging nationally representative micro survey data with Baidu-based spatial data on the location of food outlets, this study develops accessibility and diversity indicators to explore the relationship between food environment and diet-related diseases among Chinese elderly and investigates how healthy lifestyles moderate this relationship. The results show that improvement in healthy food accessibility and diversity decreases both the probability and the number of diet-related diseases that the elderly suffer. Having more healthy lifestyle factors is associated with a lower risk of suffering from diet-related diseases and strengthens the negative effect of healthy food environment on suffered diet-related diseases. Heterogeneity effect analysis suggests that the relationship between objective food environment and diet-related diseases differs by city scale and income level. The findings of this study shed light on designing tailor-made policies for non-Western countries to promote healthy aging.

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Interdisciplinary system and network perspectives in food and agricultural economics

Liang

Plakias

2022

Handbook of Agricultural Economics

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Using geospatial networking tools to optimize source locations as applied to the study of food availability: A study in Guilford County, North Carolina

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

Using Smartphone Survey and GPS Data to Inform Smoking Cessation Intervention Delivery: Case Study

Using Smartphone Survey and GPS Data to Inform Smoking Cessation Intervention Delivery: Case Study

Unraveling the Role of Objective Food Environment in Chinese Elderly’s Diet-Related Diseases Epidemic: Considering Both Healthy Food Accessibility and Diversity

Interdisciplinary system and network perspectives in food and agricultural economics

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