Using fuzzy clustering algorithms to describe the distribution of trace elements in arable calcareous soils in northwest Iran

Nourzadeh, Mehdi; Hashemy, S. M.; Martín, José Antonio Rodríguez; Bahrami, Hossein; Moshashaei, Sanaz

doi:10.1080/03650340.2011.636356

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A simple geostatistical analysis was used to generate kriging maps of the elements analysed in soil and sediments (Nourzadeh, Hashemy, Rodriguez Martin, Bahrami, & Moshashaei, ; Rodríguez Martín et al, ; Takoutsing et al, ; Zamani‐Ahmadmahmoodi, Bakhtiari, & Rodríguez Martín, ). We computed experimental variograms and adjusted spherical variogram models for this purpose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artisanal gold‐mining in a rural environment: Land degradation in Kenya

Odumo

Nanos²,

Carbonell³

et al. 2018

Land Degrad Dev

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Artisanal gold‐mining (AGM) is one of the most important activities in the districts of Migori and Transmara (Kenya). Gold‐mining, however, is known to release vast quantities of arsenic and metals (some of which are very toxic like As, Hg, Cd, or Pb), which poses a serious threat to not only miners but also to the ecosystem and local populations. We, herein, determine the concentrations of arsenic and some heavy metals in several sample types (i.e., ore, soil, river sediment, and mine tailing) collected from the districts of Migori and Transmara. We also employ lichens and mosses as pollution bioindicators. Geostatistical tools and canonical correlation analysis were used to identify the relevant factors that affected arsenic and metal concentrations in the analysed samples. The following concentration ranges were reported in topsoil: As (1–17,250 mg kg−1), Cd (0.01–15.10 mg kg−1), Cu (7–9,238 mg kg−1), Cr (1–214 mg kg−1), Ni (5–766 mg kg−1), Pb (3–1,149 mg kg−1), and Zn (22–1,271 mg kg−1). It was concluded that the ecosystem in both districts was highly polluted by heavy metals whereas the arsenic concentrations in topsoil were among the highest reported worldwide. The results of this study provide new evidence on the impact of AGM on the environment and may further contribute to the design of policy measures with the aim of reducing environmental and human health risks associated to AGM activities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artisanal gold‐mining in a rural environment: Land degradation in Kenya

Odumo

Nanos²,

Carbonell³

et al. 2018

Land Degrad Dev

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“…It seems that agricultural practices near the Atrak River and mining activities are the most likely sources of hotspot. Normal agricultural practices may cause HMs enrichment (Mantovi et al, 2003;Nourzadeh et al, 2012). These practices are an important source of Zn, Cu, and Cd (Nicholson et al, 2003: Ramos-Miras et al, 2011 from applications of liquid and soil manures (or their derivatives, compost or sludge), or inorganic fertilisers.…”

Section: Soil Pollution Hotspots Mapsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ecological risk of heavy metal hotspots in topsoils in the Province of Golestan, Iran

Mirzaei

Ghorbani

Moghaddas

et al. 2014

Journal of Geochemical Exploration

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“…The hot-spot areas of this element are mainly observed in the central part, as well as the northeast and southwest parts of Eghlid County and can be associated with anthropogenic activities especially agronomic practices that could cause heavy metals contamination. However, agronomic practices, especially the use of soil manures or inorganic fertilizers, may also be considered as an important source of Cr and Cu [35,37,41,43,44]. For the distribution of Cd, more areas on the map are shaded brown, suggesting that the mean contents of this element (2.80 mg/kg) are higher than the reference values (0.10 mg/kg) over the whole region.…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of the Analyzed Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis, spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of arsenic and some heavy metals of agricultural soils, case study: South of Iran

Aghlidi

Cheraghi

Lorestani

et al. 2020

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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Purpose In this study, rates of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc contents in agricultural soils from Eghlid County, south of Iran, were determined to assess the soil pollution and potential ecological risk index (PERI) and also spatial distribution of such elements. Method A total of 100 topsoil specimens were collected from 100 sampling stations. In the laboratory, after acid digestion the element contents in soil samples were determined using ICP-OES. Then, the soil contamination and also ecological risk of the soil were assessed using various indices especially Igeo, PI, IPI, PLI and PERI. Also, the spatial distribution maps of the studied elements in soil specimens were made using the kriging interpolation technique by ArcGIS software (10.4). Results Based on the results, the mean contents (mg/kg) of the elements in specimens were 1. 85, 2.80, 19.04, 19.35, 7.17 and 38.77 for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn, respectively. Arsenic and Cu contents were comparable to background values, while Cd contents were higher than their corresponding background values. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) revealed that Cd had anthropogenic sources; while, other elements originated from natural sources. Pollution index (PI) values of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn varied in the range of 0.45-1.49, 0.52-32.09, 0.096-0.33, 0.36-1.35, 0.18-0.32 and 0.23-1.59, with mean values of 0.92, 12.17, 0.21, 0.68, 0.21 and 0.96, respectively. The integrated pollution load index (PLI) values of the specimens with an average value of 0.84, indicated that 65% and 35% of soil samples were moderately and low contaminated, respectively. The mean value of PERI with 380.32 implied that the agricultural soils of the study area could be classified of high ecological risk. The spatial distribution of content of the elements showed that Cd had high spatial variability. Conclusions Although in the short run, the contents of the elements found in the agricultural soil samples may not be alarming for agricultural production and consequently human health, signals it can be observed especially for Cd in the long term due to the impact of anthropogenic activities that lead to the discharge of this element to the environment and can result in its accumulation in agricultural soils. In conclusion, as it is expected that the metal inputs increase in the future, it is recommended that plant analyses be included in the future studies for determining the impact of the amount of bioavailable metals.

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Using fuzzy clustering algorithms to describe the distribution of trace elements in arable calcareous soils in northwest Iran

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

Artisanal gold‐mining in a rural environment: Land degradation in Kenya

Artisanal gold‐mining in a rural environment: Land degradation in Kenya

Ecological risk of heavy metal hotspots in topsoils in the Province of Golestan, Iran

Analysis, spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of arsenic and some heavy metals of agricultural soils, case study: South of Iran

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