Using ensemble modeling to predict breeding habitat of the red-listed Western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) in the Western Himalayas of Pakistan

Awan, Muhammad Naeem; Saqib, Zafeer; Buner, Francis; Lee, Dong Hoon; Pervez, Arshid

doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01864

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This study also recorded the prominent role of topographic diversity and elevation in niche variation of the considered tree species. Global human modification of terrestrial land dataset represents an index comprising intensity of land use land cover changes, traffic intensity, night-time lighting, infrastructure, industrial and mining activities [ 49 , 61 ], and a useful variable linked to anthropogenic activities. Additionally, NDVI variable is functionally more relevant to evaluate the forest plant species for their potential distribution under future climate change scenarios and often yield better model performance [ 62 , 63 ], which supports the findings of the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species distribution modelling of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC.: Present distribution and impacts of potential climate change

Ali¹,

Khan²,

Khan³

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species distribution modelling of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC.: Present distribution and impacts of potential climate change

Ali¹,

Khan²,

Khan³

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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“…The pheasant population assessment was performed using the vantage point count method. This method of surveying is more appropriate and widely used for assessing pheasant populations characterized by loud calling behaviors in mountainous regions [6,29,48]. After arriving at the vantage point, call counts started just before dawn, and dusk with counting efforts lasting 60 min in each survey.…”

Section: Study Design and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are good indicators of the environment, and their presence in a specific environment can determine the health and balance of the bio-network [2]. According to IUCN/SSC/Pheasant Specialist report, twenty-nine (57%) of these species were threatened [6]. The population is declining due to illegal hunting and other anthropogenic activities, such as habitat degradation, overexploitation, extensive grazing, and deforestation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The forest is directly related to the distribution and abundance of species and plays an important role in the conservation of all birds, not just pheasants [6]. The increase in urbanization and deforestation adversely affects the natural habitat, and a proper management plan is needed to overcome habitat loss, including the control of deforestation as well as the conservation and efficient use of natural resources [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Human Imposed Pressure on Pheasants of Western Himalayas, Pakistan: Implication for Monitoring and Conservation

et al. 2022

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Pheasants play a distinctive and significant role in high altitudinal ecosystems. These are good indicators of environmental changes, and their presence determines the health and balance of the bio-network. Recent human pressure continues to degrade their populations, and some pheasant species are already extinct. Therefore, the current study focuses on pheasant abundance and emerging conservation issues. The pheasant population was assessed using “Call count methods” and analyzed by DISTANCE software. The results revealed that the valleys where human interference is minimum had significantly higher encounter rates and densities of pheasants. At the same time, the pheasant population was severely affected, whether found at lower or higher altitudes, showing seasonal migration toward human settlements. The habitat suitability modeling was performed using the MaxEnt model and showed that human activities overlap with the suitable natural habitats of pheasants. The threats were identified using a systematic questionnaire survey from the nearest villages of the potential habitat, and particular attention was paid to valleys where human pressures were found to be high. Major infrastructure development projects, illegal hunting, and deforestation were identified as the major threats to the pheasant population. The study concluded that proper conservation measures are required to protect pheasants in their potential habitats.

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“…Despite the dangers of local extinctions, we believe that the future of this species lies in areas outside the PA network, and efforts to protect and manage this species will be most successful if the focus of conservation is aimed toward providing protection and improving the management of these areas identified as important cheer pheasant habitats by engaging with local communities to suitably manage habitats and control hunting. Successful pilot projects in Pakistan [52], where the community is protecting cheer breeding habitats, are already ongoing with encouraging results. Similar approaches have been suggested in Nepal [46].…”

Section: Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cheer Pheasant (Catreus wallichii) and the Conservation Paradox: Importance of Unprotected Areas

Kaul¹,

Kalsi²,

Singh

et al. 2022

Diversity

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Cheer pheasant is a globally vulnerable species mainly found in the mid-montane grassland of the western Himalayas. Such grasslands are spread sporadically, and the distribution of this species too, as a result, has remained patchy. Using Maxent, we investigated the distribution of cheer across its global range (Pakistan, India, and Nepal) to determine a potential distribution range. The model predicted that higher altitude (increasing probability peaking at 2060 m) and land cover categories of needleleaf evergreen forests, grasslands, barren and stony terrain, and croplands were the likely predictors of cheer pheasant occurrence. The model predicted a total potential distribution range of 3137.9 km2, most of which lies in India. Interestingly, most areas within this range fall outside the protected areas network and are thus unprotected. The habitat of cheer is believed to require some form of continual disturbance, either naturally or by human intervention, to remain suitable for the species. Given the fact that most of its habitat lies outside the protected areas and the species tolerates limited amount of disturbance to its habitat, the future of the cheer is likely to be in the outside protected areas, provided that extremes of habitat change are limited and hunting is curtailed.

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Using ensemble modeling to predict breeding habitat of the red-listed Western Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus) in the Western Himalayas of Pakistan

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

Species distribution modelling of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC.: Present distribution and impacts of potential climate change

Species distribution modelling of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC.: Present distribution and impacts of potential climate change

Impact of Human Imposed Pressure on Pheasants of Western Himalayas, Pakistan: Implication for Monitoring and Conservation

Cheer Pheasant (Catreus wallichii) and the Conservation Paradox: Importance of Unprotected Areas

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