Using electric vehicles to improve building energy sustainability

Abstract

A (nearly) zero-energy building (ZEB) is a building that roughly consumes the same amount of energy on an annual basis that the amount of renewable energy created on site. This paper tries to investigate to which extent Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) that are able to deliver part of their battery capacity to the residential appliances can allow ZEBs to operate in a truly self-sustainable fashion, i.e., minimising the amount of energy exchanged with the outer grid. Special emphasis is given to study the effect of the limited PEV owners' cooperation that is due to the need of guaranteeing a preset driving range, as well as the capability of fixed batteries to compensate for low PEV owners' cooperation.

Interactions between electric mobility and photovoltaic generation: A review

“…It is also important to note that optimal charging is little coordinated with the PV generation profile. [31] combines a mobility model and a building electric consumption model to simulate the energy management of a "zero energy building". The authors quantify the benefits of Vehicle-to-House (V2H) for tens houses with one EV each.…”

Comprehensive Energy Analysis of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Integration with the Power Grid: A Systemic Approach Incorporating Integrated Resource Planning Methodology

“…An electric vehicle has a battery as its energy source, which is charged through the electrical network. To use this asset for energy storage and transportation, the V2G aims to use the battery not only for locomotion in the vehicle but also as a generator, discharging accumulated energy back into the network [3,4].…”

Model for Vehicle to Home System with Additional Energy Storage for Households

“…Looking at the problem from the bottom (on the lowest consumer level)-a typical household, technologies such as zero-energy building can lead to very efficient solutions to the above presented problems. Using electric vehicles as an additional energy source in such cases has been presented previously, as for example [5]. In such a scenario the integration of only the EV might not be enough to obtain optimal consumption (including zero) from the grid [6].…”

“…Models for V2H systems have been presented in numerous papers [7][8][9][10]. These papers are concerned with the optimal energy sizing [5] or algorithm [3,7,8] for controlling such a system, but without detailed simulation models for the power converters. On the other hand, there are papers (for example [11]), where models for individual converters are presented, but without full integration with other models.…”