“…Especially, B5 mixed with 5% n-butanol and 20% ethanol (B5E20Bu5) had lower electrical power than B5 as reduced to 1.75%. This result is consistent with literature reviews [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Because B5 was typically higher heating value than ethanol, ethanol, as added to 20% mixing with B5 and n-butanol, resulted in a highly lower calorific value than B5 (Table 1), leading to the decrease of electrical power.…”
Section: Engine Performance Testsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…For using B5E10Bu5 to B5E20Bu5, SFC was increased with the increase of ethanol as added from 6.32 to 16.47% at 80% load compared with B5. The results of this engine test had the same tendency as the previous researches [2][3][4]. Because the addition of ethanol from 10 to 20% as blending to B5 and n-butanol led to the decrease of heating value (Table 1) respectively, the electricity generation from using these oils equalled to using B5 resulting to higher fuel consumption.…”
Section: Engine Performance Testsupporting
confidence: 77%
“…Particularly, thermal efficiency as calculated in case of electrical efficiency, which was the ratio of electrical power to the sum of fuel consumption and calorific value, and specific fuel consumption as studied from the ratio of fuel consumption to electrical power. All period of the engine test was between 100 hours, and results were repeated by more than 5 times [3]. Fig.…”
Section: Engine Performance Testmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Prior studies on the diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends were indicating that the mixture of diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol by using emulsification is the best because there was highly homogeneous as depended on proportion, purity, temperature, and solubility [2][3][4]. Ethanol could not be mixed more than 10% because of stratification time happening quickly [4][5][6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To increase the homogeneity, some researches [2][3][4][5] used emulsifiers, such as n-butanol, ethyl acetate, propanol, etc., in blending to diesel and ethanol. Use of 5% butanol, which was normal butanol or n-butanol, mixed with diesel and anhydrous ethanol could improve engine performance, and diesel could be blended to 25% anhydrous ethanol by high homogeneity, and lower thermal efficiency leading to the increase of fuel consumption [5].…”
B5, diesel mixed with 5% biodiesel, is currently being developed to replace diesel, but there was lower engine performance. To improve the B5 properties, the addition of oxygenated additive is a better method. This research aims to study the performance of a high-speed direct injection (HSDI) diesel-engine generator at speed 3,000 rpm and different loads by using B5 blended to n-butanol and ethanol as increased to 20%. Results show that the use of B5-butanol-ethanol blends decreased engine performance as increasing ethanol; however, the release of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and black smoke was remarkably reduced as compared with B5. However, the use of B5 blended to 5% n-butanol, and 5% ethanol increased the electrical power to 0.33%, while electrical efficiency was added to 1.13%, and SFC was similar to B5. Therefore, this ratio can be applied with the diesel engines in the future.
“…Especially, B5 mixed with 5% n-butanol and 20% ethanol (B5E20Bu5) had lower electrical power than B5 as reduced to 1.75%. This result is consistent with literature reviews [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Because B5 was typically higher heating value than ethanol, ethanol, as added to 20% mixing with B5 and n-butanol, resulted in a highly lower calorific value than B5 (Table 1), leading to the decrease of electrical power.…”
Section: Engine Performance Testsupporting
confidence: 91%
“…For using B5E10Bu5 to B5E20Bu5, SFC was increased with the increase of ethanol as added from 6.32 to 16.47% at 80% load compared with B5. The results of this engine test had the same tendency as the previous researches [2][3][4]. Because the addition of ethanol from 10 to 20% as blending to B5 and n-butanol led to the decrease of heating value (Table 1) respectively, the electricity generation from using these oils equalled to using B5 resulting to higher fuel consumption.…”
Section: Engine Performance Testsupporting
confidence: 77%
“…Particularly, thermal efficiency as calculated in case of electrical efficiency, which was the ratio of electrical power to the sum of fuel consumption and calorific value, and specific fuel consumption as studied from the ratio of fuel consumption to electrical power. All period of the engine test was between 100 hours, and results were repeated by more than 5 times [3]. Fig.…”
Section: Engine Performance Testmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Prior studies on the diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends were indicating that the mixture of diesel, biodiesel, and ethanol by using emulsification is the best because there was highly homogeneous as depended on proportion, purity, temperature, and solubility [2][3][4]. Ethanol could not be mixed more than 10% because of stratification time happening quickly [4][5][6].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To increase the homogeneity, some researches [2][3][4][5] used emulsifiers, such as n-butanol, ethyl acetate, propanol, etc., in blending to diesel and ethanol. Use of 5% butanol, which was normal butanol or n-butanol, mixed with diesel and anhydrous ethanol could improve engine performance, and diesel could be blended to 25% anhydrous ethanol by high homogeneity, and lower thermal efficiency leading to the increase of fuel consumption [5].…”
B5, diesel mixed with 5% biodiesel, is currently being developed to replace diesel, but there was lower engine performance. To improve the B5 properties, the addition of oxygenated additive is a better method. This research aims to study the performance of a high-speed direct injection (HSDI) diesel-engine generator at speed 3,000 rpm and different loads by using B5 blended to n-butanol and ethanol as increased to 20%. Results show that the use of B5-butanol-ethanol blends decreased engine performance as increasing ethanol; however, the release of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and black smoke was remarkably reduced as compared with B5. However, the use of B5 blended to 5% n-butanol, and 5% ethanol increased the electrical power to 0.33%, while electrical efficiency was added to 1.13%, and SFC was similar to B5. Therefore, this ratio can be applied with the diesel engines in the future.
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