Using Detailing Concept to Assess Railway Functional Safety

Bondarenko, I. O.; Campisi, Tiziana; Tesoriere, Giovanni; Neduzha, Larysa O.

doi:10.3390/su15010018

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Heat input (Q in ) is the quantity of energy introduced from the arc per unit length of weld. The heat input was calculated by the means equation [11,90].…”

Section: Welding Heat Indicatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To better understand the cooling conditions, heat input indicators were calculated for each experiment (Table 7). The values were calculated according to Equation (11). A mathematical model was constructed (Equation ( 18)).…”

Section: Prediction Of Mathematic Model Of Heat Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role and significance of materials for the advanced economies of the world remain substantial. Materials form the basis of many sectors of the economy, among which construction [1,2], automobile manufacturing [3][4][5][6][7], and mechanical engineering [8][9][10][11] hold particular importance. Among materials, welding materials hold special significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Exothermic Additions in Core Filler on Arc Stability and Microstructure during Self-Shielded, Flux-Cored Arc Welding

Lozynskyi,

Trembach,

Katinas

et al. 2024

Crystals

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In the conditions of an energy crisis, an important issue is the increase in energy efficiency and productivity of welding and hardfacing processes. The article substantiates the perspective of using exothermic additives introduced into core filler for flux-cored wire arc welding processes as a relatively cheap additional heat source, reducing energy consumption when melting filler materials, and increasing the deposition rate. The mixture design (MD) was selected as the design method to optimize the average values of current and voltage, as well as arc stability parameters depending on core filler composition. This article studies the influence of the introduction of exothermic addition (EA), as well as the ratios CuO/C and CuO/Al on arc stability for the FCAW S process. Parameters characterizing arc stability were determined using an oscillograph, and from the obtained oscillograms, an analysis was conducted on arc voltage and welding current signals during flux-cored arc welding. It was determined that various methods can be used to evaluate arc stability, which can be divided into two groups: graphical (current and voltage cyclograms, box plots with frequency histograms, ellipse parameters plotted on current, and voltage cyclograms) and statistical (standard variation and coefficients of variation for welding current and arc voltage). In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation of arc stability depending on the composition of the cored wire filler was carried out. It was determined that the most stable current parameters were observed for the flux-cored wire electrode with an average exothermic addition content at the level of EA = 26.5–28.58 wt.% and a high carbon content (low values of CuO/C = 3.75). Conversely, the lowest values of arc stability (CV(U) and Std(U)) were observed during hardfacing with a flux-cored wire electrode with a high CuO/Al ratio ≥ 4.5 and a content of exothermic addition in the core filler below the average EA < 29 wt.%. Mathematical models of mean values, standard deviation, coefficient of variation for welding current, and arc voltage were developed. The results indicated that the response surface prediction models had good accuracy and prediction ability. The developed mathematical models showed that the ratio of oxidizing agent to reducing agent in the composition of exothermic addition (CuO/Al) had the greatest influence on the welding current and arc voltage characteristics under investigation. The percentage of exothermic mixture in the core filler (EA) only affected the average welding current (Iaw) and the average arc voltage (Uaw). The graphite content expressed through the CuO/C ratio had a significant impact on welding current parameters as well as the coefficient of variation of arc voltage (CV(U)). Two welding parameters were selected for optimization: the mean welding current (Iaw) and the standard deviation of arc voltage (Std(U)). The best arc stability when using exothermic addition CuO-Al in the core filler was observed at CuO/Al = 3.6–3.9, CuO/C = 3.5–4.26, and at an average EA content of 29–38 wt.%. The significant influence of the CuO/Al and CuO/C ratios on arc voltage parameters can also be explained by their impact on the elemental composition of the welding arc (copper, cupric oxide (CuO), and Al2O3). The more complete this reaction, the higher the amount of easily vaporized copper (Cu) in the arc plasma, enhancing arc stability. The influence of core filler composition on the microstructure of deposited metal of the Fe-Cr-Cu-Ti alloy system was investigated.

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“…Heat input (Q in ) is the quantity of energy introduced from the arc per unit length of weld. The heat input was calculated by the means equation [11,90].…”

Section: Welding Heat Indicatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prediction Of Mathematic Model Of Heat Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Exothermic Additions in Core Filler on Arc Stability and Microstructure during Self-Shielded, Flux-Cored Arc Welding

Lozynskyi,

Trembach,

Katinas

et al. 2024

Crystals

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show abstract

“…The purpose of the next stage was to determine the influence of the shape of the unevenness on the behavior of the rolling stock. A series of numerical experiments were carried out for the movement of a single car [31]. When assessing the traffic safety of a single passenger car, due to the small effect on transverse vibrations, braking and longitudinal forces are not taken into account.…”

Section: Length Along the Clutch Axes Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Interaction of the Rolling Stock and the Track in the Emergency Braking Mode of a Passenger Train

Solonenko,

Musayev,

Zhunisbekov

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The article analyzes the transitional mode of movement of a passenger train caused by emergency braking by the driver. To study the possibility of derailment of passenger cars, a simulation model of the movement of a train consisting of a locomotive and twenty passenger cars was developed in the Universal Mechanism software environment, designed to study the dynamics and kinematics of mechanical systems, which include railway rolling stock. The developed model allows taking into account the longitudinal, transverse and vertical vibrations of all cars and locomotive. All bodies in the model are assumed to be absolutely rigid. The assumption of non-deformability of the bodies is based on the fact that the stiffness of the spring suspension and elastic connections is significantly less than the structural rigidity of the bogie frames and the bolster structure, and the frequency of elastic vibrations of these bodies is much higher than the frequency of their vibrations on the spring suspension. Passengers and cargo in a wagon are considered to be non-deformable and integral with the wagon body, similarly in the case of a locomotive body. Between the elements of the system, connections are involved that regulate certain relative movements of these elements.

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Forecasting and Modeling of the Consequences of Transport Events During the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Rail Transport

Yurchenko,

Strelko,

Rudiuk

et al. 2023

Smart Technologies in Urban Engineering

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Using Detailing Concept to Assess Railway Functional Safety

Cited by 8 publications

References 91 publications

Effect of Exothermic Additions in Core Filler on Arc Stability and Microstructure during Self-Shielded, Flux-Cored Arc Welding

Effect of Exothermic Additions in Core Filler on Arc Stability and Microstructure during Self-Shielded, Flux-Cored Arc Welding

Modeling the Interaction of the Rolling Stock and the Track in the Emergency Braking Mode of a Passenger Train

Forecasting and Modeling of the Consequences of Transport Events During the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Rail Transport

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