Using Copernicus Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 data to monitor harmful algal blooms in Southern Chile during the COVID-19 lockdown

Rodriguez-Benito, C.; Navarro, Gabriel; Caballero, Isabel

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111722

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…The lack of surveillance could result in the proliferation of toxic dinoflagellate blooms that can cause mass mortalities in cage aquaculture located in rivers, estuaries, or coastal waters [90]. Rodríguez-Benito et al [91] reported mass fish mortalities in intensive salmonid aquaculture due to harmful algal blooms consisting of toxic dinoflagellates, Cochlodinium sp. and Lepidodinium chlorophorum, that occurred during the COVID-19 lockdown period resulting in a loss of USD 800 million.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Aquaculture Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the monitoring of ecosystem events, Rodríguez-Benito et al [91] demonstrated the use of satellite technology for the monitoring of harmful algal bloom in aquaculture areas during the lockdown period as an early warning system to prevent mass fish mortality. Remote sensing-based observation also shows promise, as it measures TSS (total suspended solids) concentrations in natural waters with high spatial and temporal resolutions that can cover all the scales of variability and identify the spatiotemporal extent of TSS [132,133].…”

Section: Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

et al. 2021

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The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), resulted in ecological changes of aquatic ecosystems, affected the aquatic food supply chain, and disrupted the socio-economy of global populations. Due to reduced human activities during the pandemic, the aquatic environment was reported to improve its water quality, wild fishery stocks, and biodiversity. However, the sudden surge of plastics and biomedical wastes during the COVID-19 pandemic masked the positive impacts and increased the risks of aquatic pollution, especially microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and disinfectants. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater treatment plants to natural water bodies could have serious impacts on the environment and human health, especially in developing countries with poor waste treatment facilities. The presence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in human excreta, wastewaters, and sludge and its transmission to aquatic ecosystems could have negative impacts on fisheries and aquaculture industries, which have direct implications on food safety and security. COVID-19 pandemic-related environmental pollution showed a high risk to aquatic food security and human health. This paper reviews the impacts of COVID-19, both positive and negative, and assesses the causes and consequences of anthropogenic activities that can be managed through effective regulation and management of eco-resources for the revival of biodiversity, ecosystem health, and sustainable aquatic food production.

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Section: Covid-19 and Aquaculture Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

et al. 2021

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“…In another hemisphere, Sentinel‐2 and Sentinel‐3 imagery was applied to detect a harmful algal bloom in salmonid aquaculture in Chile. The analysis technique, combined with rapid delivery of the high‐resolution satellite imagery, allowed for near real‐time monitoring and decision‐making when in‐situ sampling was restricted by a mandated lockdown (Rodríguez‐Benito, Navarro, & Caballero, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of GIS methodologies to analyze the dynamics of COVID‐19 in the second half of 2020

Franch-Pardo

Desjardins

Barea-Navarro

et al. 2021

Transactions in GIS

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COVID‐19 has infected over 163 million people and has resulted in over 3.9 million deaths. Regarding the tools and strategies to research the ongoing pandemic, spatial analysis has been increasingly utilized to study the impacts of COVID‐19. This article provides a review of 221 scientific articles that used spatial science to study the pandemic published from June 2020 to December 2020. The main objectives are: to identify the tools and techniques used by the authors; to review the subjects addressed and their disciplines; and to classify the studies based on their applications. This contribution will facilitate comparisons with the body of work published during the first half of 2020, revealing the evolution of the COVID‐19 phenomenon through the lens of spatial analysis. Our results show that there was an increase in the use of both spatial statistical tools (e.g., geographically weighted regression, Bayesian models, spatial regression) applied to socioeconomic variables and analysis at finer spatial and temporal scales. We found an increase in remote sensing approaches, which are now widely applied in studies around the world. Lockdowns and associated changes in human mobility have been extensively examined using spatiotemporal techniques. Another dominant topic studied has been the relationship between pollution and COVID‐19 dynamics, which enhance the impact of human activities on the pandemic's evolution. This represents a shift from the first half of 2020, when the research focused on climatic and weather factors. Overall, we have seen a vast increase in spatial tools and techniques to study COVID‐19 transmission and the associated risk factors.

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“…The use of satellite imagery provides a complementary monitoring tool, supplies high spatial and temporal resolution water quality data, and greatly improves our understanding of variations in water quality in the reservoir, which generates highly relevant information for managers. In addition, this need for monitoring is increased by events such as pandemics or disasters [28]. On the one hand, ordinary but frequent sensors like Terra/Aqua MODIS provide daily observations but with coarse spatial resolutions (e.g., 250 ma 1000 m) that cannot reveal spatial details of CyanoHABs in small reservoirs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Chlorophyll-a Analysis in a Eutrophic Reservoir Using Sentinel-2

et al. 2021

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Harmful cyanobacterial blooms have been one of the most challenging ecological problems faced by freshwater bodies for more than a century. The use of satellite images as a tool to analyze these blooms is an innovative technology that will facilitate water governance and help develop measures to guarantee water security. To assess the viability of Sentinel-2 for identifying cyanobacterial blooms and chlorophyl-a, different bands of the Sentinel-2 satellite were considered, and those most consistent with cyanobacteria analysis were analyzed. This analysis was supplemented by an assessment of different indices and their respective correlations with the field data. The indices assessed were the following: Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Differences Vegetation Index (NDVI), green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (gNDVI), Normalized Soil Moisture Index (NSMI), and Toming’s Index. The green band (B3) obtained the best correlating results for both chlorophyll (R2 = 0.678) and cyanobacteria (R2 = 0.931). The study by bands of cyanobacteria composition can be a powerful tool for assessing the physiology of strains. NDWI gave an R2 value of 0.849 for the downstream point with the concentration of cyanobacteria. Toming’s Index obtained a high R2 of 0.859 with chlorophyll-a and 0.721 for the concentration of cyanobacteria. Notable differences in correlation for the upstream and downstream points were obtained with the indices. These results show that Sentinel-2 will be a valuable tool for lake monitoring and research, especially considering that the data will be routinely available for many years and the images will be frequent and free.

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Using Copernicus Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 data to monitor harmful algal blooms in Southern Chile during the COVID-19 lockdown

Cited by 54 publications

References 56 publications

Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

Impacts of COVID-19 on the Aquatic Environment and Implications on Aquatic Food Production

A review of GIS methodologies to analyze the dynamics of COVID‐19 in the second half of 2020

Remote Detection of Cyanobacterial Blooms and Chlorophyll-a Analysis in a Eutrophic Reservoir Using Sentinel-2

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