Using Continuous Monitors for Conducting Tracer Studies in Water Distribution Systems

Panguluri, Srinivas; Krishnan, Rajesh; Garner, Lucille M.; Patterson, Craig; Lee, Yeong-Ho; Hartman, David J.; Grayman, Walter M.; Clark, Robert M.; Piao, Haishan

doi:10.1061/40792(173)53

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…An externally validated WDS modelling tool was used to understand the hydraulic behaviour of the WDS during each dosing event. These tools enable the spatial and temporal variations of water flow, velocity, pressure, water age, source contribution and disinfectant concentration, as well as other hydraulic and water quality parameters throughout WDSs, to be calculated [ 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Drinking Water Distribution System Design on Antimicrobial Delivery to Pigs

Little

Woodward

Browning

et al. 2021

Animals

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On many pig farms, growing pigs are mass-medicated for short periods with antimicrobial drugs through their drinking water for metaphylaxis and to treat clinical disease. We conducted a series of four prospective observational cohort studies of routine metaphylactic in-water antibiotic dosing events on a commercial pig farm, to assess the concentration of antimicrobial available to pigs throughout a building over time. Each dosing event was conducted by the farm manager with a differently designed looped water distribution system (WDS). We found that the antimicrobial concentration in water delivered to pigs at drinkers in each pen by a building’s WDS over time was profoundly influenced by the design of the WDS and the pigs’ water usage and drinking pattern, and that differences in the antimicrobial concentration in water over time at drinkers throughout a building could be eliminated through use of a circulator pump in a looped WDS. We also used a hydraulic WDS modelling tool to predict the antimicrobial concentration at drinkers over time during and after a dosing event. Our approach could be used to evaluate alternative in-water dosing regimens for pigs in a specific building in terms of their clinical efficacy and ability to suppress the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, and to determine the optimal regimen. The approach is applicable to all additives administered through drinking water for which the degree of efficacy is dependent on the dose administered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Drinking Water Distribution System Design on Antimicrobial Delivery to Pigs

Little

Woodward

Browning

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…While the development and use of hydraulic models are now broadly extended, as they have been consolidated as key tools to support network management, the use of quality models has not been widespread in the same way (although it was initially conceived for the simulation of water quality). However, today, quality models are becoming more necessary since, as mentioned before, drinking water network management is increasingly challenging, and water quality preservation is a major concern for operators [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of the Event Method for the Simulation of Water Quality in Pressurised Water Systems

Hervás,

Martínez-Alzamora,

Conejos

et al. 2024

Water

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In this paper, several methods for the calculation of water quality evolution in drinking water distribution networks are analysed. The Lagrangian Time-Driven method has been implemented in the Epanet simulation software since version 2.0. In version 2.2, some improvements were implemented to deal with mass imbalances (Lagrangian Time-Driven improved method). However, it sometimes presents inaccuracies in calculations, especially when there are short-length pipes. To solve this problem, the implementation of the Lagrangian Event-Driven method is proposed, which provides more accurate quality results. In order to detail the differences and similarities of the results of the different methods and to determine under what conditions the results provided by Epanet are sufficiently adjusted, two practical examples have been carried out, one of them on a hydraulic model of a real network.

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“…Water distribution networks are composed of assets that allow the water intake, treatment, transport, storage and delivery to consumers in quantity and with adequate pressure to satisfy demand. However, once the water leaves the treatment plant and enters the supply infrastructure, maintaining its quality is challenging for utility managers [1]. While the disinfectant decay in the water transport and distribution network is reasonably well known [2,3], the effect of storage on treated water quality is not fully understood [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced Circulation by Plunging and Submerged Jets in Circular Water Storage Tanks Using CFD

Martins

Covas

2022

Water

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Water circulation in storage tanks significantly impacts water quality in distribution networks since old water tends to have low residual chlorine concentrations that are insufficient to neutralize microbial regeneration. Their large capacity and long residence times result in uneven mixing, which can accelerate the disinfectant decay and the formation of potentially carcinogenic disinfection by-products. The phenomenon is strongly related to the tank inflow conditions, since there are no active mixing devices. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the flow dynamics in circular storage tanks using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model. The main motivation is that the inflow—which mixing processes rely on—strongly influences the circulations. The numerical analysis provided includes a thorough investigation of interest in understanding flow dynamics for two inflow configurations: (i) the plunging jet modelling and comparison with published experimental data and (ii) the submerged jet as an improvement measurement for these storage tanks.

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Using Continuous Monitors for Conducting Tracer Studies in Water Distribution Systems

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Effect of Drinking Water Distribution System Design on Antimicrobial Delivery to Pigs

Effect of Drinking Water Distribution System Design on Antimicrobial Delivery to Pigs

Advantages of the Event Method for the Simulation of Water Quality in Pressurised Water Systems

Induced Circulation by Plunging and Submerged Jets in Circular Water Storage Tanks Using CFD

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