Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for Blast Wave Propagation under Structure

Sohaimi, Arif S.M.; Risby, M. S.; Ishak, Saiddi Ali Firdaus Mohamed; Khalis, S.; Norazman, M. N.; Ariffin, Ismail; Yusof, Mohammed Alias

doi:10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.463

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Simulating explosions by modelling the explosive charge as an initial volume filled with compressed gas is well-known and has been employed in many projects (Brode, 1955, Larcher, Casadei, 2010. Other work has already successfully applied this approach for blast wave calculations with geometries (Sohaimi et al, 2016). In contrast to their work, which only uses small geometric structures or free fields, we demonstrate its use in a large scale reconstruction of an urban environment.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Estimation of Explosions in Urban Environments By Simulation

Mohr

Benauer²,

Leitl³

et al. 2019

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Precise models of the impact of explosions in urban environments provide novel and valuable information in disaster management for developing precautionary, preventive and mitigating measures. Yet to date, no methods enabling accurate predictions of the process and effect of detonations at particular locations exist. We propose a novel approach mitigating this gap by combining state-of-the-art methods from photogrammetric 3D reconstruction, semantic segmentation and computational based numerical simulations. In a first step, we create an accurate urban 3D reconstruction from georeferenced aerial images. The resulting city model is then enriched with semantic information obtained from the original source images as well as from registered terrestrial images using deep neural networks. This allows for an efficient automatic preparation of a 3D model suitable for the use as a geometry for the numerical investigations. Using this approach, we are able to provide recent and precise models of an area of interest in an automated fashion. Within the model, we are now able to define the explosive charge size and location and simulate the resulting blast wave propagation using CFD simulation. This provides a full estimation for the expected pressure propagation of a defined charge size. From these results, arising damages and their extent, as well as possible access routes or countermeasures, can be estimated. Using georeferenced sources allows for the integration and utilization of simulation results into existing geoinformation systems of disaster management units, providing novel inputs for training, preparation and prevention. We demonstrate our proposed approach by evaluating expected glass breakage and expected damages impairing the structural integrity of buildings depending on the charge size using a 3D reconstruction from aerial images of an area in the inner city of Graz, Austria.</p>

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Estimation of Explosions in Urban Environments By Simulation

Mohr

Benauer²,

Leitl³

et al. 2019

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…Several studies have been conducted in the field of shock wave propagation and the effects on materials using the different discretization methods such as performing numerical simulations of free-air explosion using the MM-ALE solver [30]. Furthermore, there are numerical and experimental validations of the dynamic pressure of a shock wave under a free-field blast loading ALE solver [31], using CFD solver for blast wave propagation under a structure [32], and shock wave propagation using the Euler solver [28,33,34].…”

Section: Theory and Technical Context Of Blast Shock Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Blast Wave Parameters in the Detonation Locus and Near Field for Shaped Charges

Mejía

Mejía²,

Toulkeridis

2022

Mathematics

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Understanding physical phenomena such as blast shock waves produced by controlled explosions are relevant for issues appearing in the fields of military and civilian activities. The current study analyzes detonations of cylindrical and 3D cone-shaped charges through experimental trials and numerical simulations. In order to accomplish such goals, the work is divided into three sections, which include (a) numerical studies on spherical charges to define an accurate model; (b) numerical and experimental studies to assess the influence of cylindrical and 3D cone-shaped charges on incident peak pressure and the shape of shock wave propagation; and (c) numerical studies to define the magnitude of incident peak pressure as a function of orientation, L/D aspect ratio and scaled distance. Validation studies proved that the applied model was reasonably accurate. Furthermore, relevant findings included the observation that when the L/D aspect ratio decreases, more release energy is concentrated in the axial direction for a 3D cone-shaped charge, while as the aspect ratio increases, more release energy is concentrated in the radial direction for a cylindrical-shaped charge. Additionally, the blast shock wave produced a great quantity of energy for the explosive charge with the largest surface. Finally, the orientation has less influence than the L/D aspect ratio on the incident pressure contours. Therefore, cylindrical charges have the potential of inflicting great damage when used as confined charges, and 3D charges are able to cut solid materials in case of a direct contact.

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“…Under the condition of uniform gas concentration and variable gas concentration, the (CFD) calculation results show that the dust explosion mainly develops from the ignition point to the upper part of the tower, and the temperature, velocity, and reaction curves all follow the same rising pattern. For shock wave propagation simulation, Arif S. M. Sohaim et al [23] adopted two different explosion analysis methods, carried out a CFD simulation of free field explosion and explosion load under the capsule model, and used ANSYS FLUENT software to carry out free field wind blasting and blast loading on a certain structure. By comparison, ANSYS FLUENT is more efficient in predicting explosion wave propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism Analysis of Airbag Explosion Suppression and Energy Absorption in a Flexible Explosion Suppression System

Wang

Han

et al. 2023

Fire

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The unfixed flame propagation velocity of a gas explosion and the fixed response time of explosion suppression devices are the important reasons for the poor protective effect of active explosion suppression. A flexible explosion suppression method based on buffer energy absorption is detailed in this study. The explosion suppression system consists of an explosive characteristic monitoring system, an explosion suppression agent system, and an explosion suppression airbag. An empty pipe experiment and an explosion suppression experiment with a flexible-airbag gas-explosion suppression device were conducted in a 20.5 m-long pipe with an inner diameter of 180 mm. The flame propagation velocity and maximum overpressure values were compared between the two groups of experiments. The experimental results show that the flame wave propagation can be completely suppressed by the explosion suppression device under certain pressure. The occurrence time of maximum overpressure at each pressure measuring point is also analyzed. P3 is generally later than P4, which verifies the existence of energy absorption and explosion suppression effect of airbag. Finally, the energy absorption effect of the airbag is analyzed theoretically. The shock wave overpressure calculated in the sealing limit state of the airbag is 0.3432 MPa, and the maximum error is 7.8%, which provides reliable guidance and prediction for the experimental process in the future.

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Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for Blast Wave Propagation under Structure

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Damage Estimation of Explosions in Urban Environments By Simulation

Damage Estimation of Explosions in Urban Environments By Simulation

Characterization of Blast Wave Parameters in the Detonation Locus and Near Field for Shaped Charges

Mechanism Analysis of Airbag Explosion Suppression and Energy Absorption in a Flexible Explosion Suppression System

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