“…Lichens present a very important model of symbiotic organisms when associating a mushroom called mycobiont and green algae and/or cyanobacteria called photobionts (Nash III, 2008). They are used in the bio indication of air quality (Bosch-Roig, Barca, Crisci, & Lalli, 2013;Kar, Samal, Maity, & Santra, 2014;Loppi, 2014;Kuldeep & Bhattacharya, 2015;Pescott et al, 2015;Sulaiman, Fuzy, Muis, & Ismail, 2018;Benítez et al, 2019;Mohamed, Mohamed, & Abdelhay, 2020;Quijano-Abril, Ramirez-Ospina, Domínguez-Rave, & Londoño-Valencia, 2021). Lichens are devoid of roots, and mineral nutrition takes place from atmospheric inputs (Garty et al, 2008).…”