Using an Avatar-Based Simulation to Train Families to Motivate Veterans with Post-Deployment Stress to Seek Help at the VA

Abstract

Results strongly suggest that "Family of Heroes" is an effective tool to engage families in taking an active role in motivating their veterans who exhibit signs of post-deployment stress to seek help at the VA. Results also suggest that the training can increase the actual number of veterans experiencing post-deployment stress who begin to receive treatment at the VA.

Randomized controlled trial of a brief Internet-based intervention for families of Veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder

“…However, the earlier study assessed this measure 1 mo postintervention [21], while our study examined it at 2 mo postintervention. Also, the two studies' sampling strategies varied: while this study approached family members indirectly (i.e., through Veterans who consented to the study), Albright et al recruited family members directly (i.e., via online advertisements) [23]. The earlier recruitment approach likely generated a cohort more initially motivated for the intervention.…”

“…This subscale has been shown to be sensitive to change in a study examining a family intervention [27]. Family members' perceived efficacy to carry out tasks targeted by the intervention was assessed with a 7-item measure, adapted from the initial Family of Heroes study [23]. Sample tasks included recognizing warning signs of postdeployment stress, motivating the Veteran to seek help, and conducting challenging conversations.…”

“…By being publicly available online and short in duration, the intervention is accessible to a larger pool of users who may or may not be involved with formal services. A previous evaluation of the Family of Heroes program, based on a convenience sample, showed that family members who completed the 1 h training reported greater perceived efficacy to accomplish tasks targeted by the training relative to a control group who did not receive the intervention [23]. The authors of that study also reported that family members who received the intervention were more likely, relative to the control group, to report that their Veteran sought subsequent mental health care.…”

“…However, no tests of statistical significance were reported for this comparison. The current study builds on the initial evaluation [23] by assessing a broader range of outcomes, including family empowerment and communication, employing a longer follow-up period, and examining the effect of the intervention on both the Veteran and a family member. We hypothesized that family members receiving the intervention would, relative to those randomized to the control group, report greater increases in their perceived efficacy to carry out the tasks targeted by the intervention along with enhanced family empowerment.…”

Virtual humans: transforming mHealth for veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

“…The behavior change model integrated into the development of these simulations includes comprehensive instructional design and evidence-based conversation components drawn from neuroscience (10). Studies have examined the efficacy of numerous Kognito health simulations including several that support service members and veterans and include screening and brief intervention in primary care (7), supporting military families (8) and military cultural competency, and gatekeeper skills for faculty and staff in higher education that include identifying, talking to, and if necessary, referring student veterans in psychological distress to support services (9). Studies are currently being conducted on the efficacy of a peer-to-peer service member and veteran support simulation that includes recognizing, approaching, and discussing a referral of those peers at risk for suicide, and a simulation for educators to support military children.…”