Using air-coupled sensors to determine the depth of a surface-breaking crack in concrete

Kee, Seong‐Hoon; Zhu, Jinying

doi:10.1121/1.3298431

Cited by 62 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Variation in the phase velocity would be an indication of the variation of material properties with depth. Surface wave based methods have also shown good potential in vertical crack characterization (Kee and Zhu, 2010). One of the devices for USW testing, the portable seismic property analyzer (PSPA), is shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Bridge Deck Deterioration and Ndt Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of NDT Technologies in Detection and Characterization of Reinforced Concrete Deck Deterioration

Gucunski

Nazarian

Imani

et al. 2014

Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers

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The Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP 2) supported a study to assess performance of nondestructive testing (NDT) technologies that have potential to identify and characterize deterioration in concrete bridge decks. The study focused on deterioration of the highest importance to transportation agencies: delamination, reinforcement corrosion, concrete degradation and vertical cracking. Performance of a number of promising NDT technologies was evaluated on a fabricated slab, a section of a removed bridge deck, and an in-service bridge. The technologies included: ground penetrating radar, impact echo, infrared thermography, electrical resistivity, half-cell potential, galvanostatic pulse measurement, ultrasonic surface waves, and chain drag/hammer sounding. The technologies were graded and ranked based on five performance measures: accuracy, speed, repeatability, ease of use, and cost. It was determined that no single technology was capable of characterizing all four deterioration types, and that comprehensive condition assessment could be done only by using multiple NDT technologies. Recommendations were made with respect to the selection of the most appropriate technologies to identify specific deterioration types, and for their most effective use. The information was summarized in an electronic repository named NDToolbox. The results of the study are applicable to many similar reinforced concrete structural elements, including those used in geotechnical engineering. The scope of the study and the summary of the most important results of the study are presented.

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Section: Bridge Deck Deterioration and Ndt Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of NDT Technologies in Detection and Characterization of Reinforced Concrete Deck Deterioration

Gucunski

Nazarian

Imani

et al. 2014

Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers

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“…To estimate crack depth using the transmission of surface waves, Angel and Achenbach [60] proposed theoretical solutions for the transmission and reflection of surface waves across a single crack with regard to the normalized crack depth (crack depth divided by wavelength). Transmission coefficients are applied to determine the crack depth in concrete [61,62,63,64]. Significant differences are not observed between transmission coefficients in artificial single cracks generated by notches and real cracks generated by three-point bending tests [61].…”

Section: Applicability and Limitation Of Ultrasonic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles and Applications of Ultrasonic-Based Nondestructive Methods for Self-Healing in Cementitious Materials

et al. 2017

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Recently, self-healing technologies have emerged as a promising approach to extend the service life of social infrastructure in the field of concrete construction. However, current evaluations of the self-healing technologies developed for cementitious materials are mostly limited to lab-scale experiments to inspect changes in surface crack width (by optical microscopy) and permeability. Furthermore, there is a universal lack of unified test methods to assess the effectiveness of self-healing technologies. Particularly, with respect to the self-healing of concrete applied in actual construction, nondestructive test methods are required to avoid interrupting the use of the structures under evaluation. This paper presents a review of all existing research on the principles of ultrasonic test methods and case studies pertaining to self-healing concrete. The main objective of the study is to examine the applicability and limitation of various ultrasonic test methods in assessing the self-healing performance. Finally, future directions on the development of reliable assessment methods for self-healing cementitious materials are suggested.

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“…An effective solution of this problem is the use of contact-less sensors. Previous researchers have demonstrated that air-coupled sensors are effective in improving signal consistency and test speed in measurements of leaky surface waves in concrete and other solid materials [4,5,6]. In addition, air-coupled sensors were implemented in an IE test setup for evaluating various defects (delaminations with various sizes and depths, and volumetric defects) in concrete slab in laboratory [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an optimal acoustic reflector for air-coupled impact-echo sensor

2012

Self Cite

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The objectives of this study were to investigate interaction of a parabolic acoustic reflector with leaky stress waves in air-coupled IE testing, and to develop an optimal geometry of the acoustic reflector. The resulting acoustic reflector will be used as a part of an air-coupled impact-echo device for delamination detection in concrete bridge decks. The study was conducted on a series of 2D finite element (FE) models. The models included both solid concrete plate and air domains. The models were developed to investigate interaction of leaky stress waves (in particular, S 1 resonance mode in Lamb waves) with a parabolic reflector. A series of parametric studies was conducted to determine the optimal geometry of parabolic reflectors (cylinders). The main variables were the rim angle and the width of the reflectors, and location of air-coupled sensors. Furthermore, numerical simulations using 2D FE models, including delamination defects in concrete decks, were conducted to verify the optimal parabolic reflector is effective in enhancing the amplitude of S 1 resonance modes in Lamb waves corresponding to the various depths of delamination defects. Finally, the results clearly demonstrate that the optimal parabolic domes can significantly improve signal-to-noise ratio in the air-coupled IE measurements. This will increase the feasibility of air-coupled sensing in actual impact echo testing on concrete bridge decks.

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Using air-coupled sensors to determine the depth of a surface-breaking crack in concrete

Cited by 62 publications

References 20 publications

Performance of NDT Technologies in Detection and Characterization of Reinforced Concrete Deck Deterioration

Performance of NDT Technologies in Detection and Characterization of Reinforced Concrete Deck Deterioration

Principles and Applications of Ultrasonic-Based Nondestructive Methods for Self-Healing in Cementitious Materials

Developing an optimal acoustic reflector for air-coupled impact-echo sensor

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