“…Other strategies designed to reduce bile duct injuries, including the use of the anatomical landmark Rouvière's sulcus or a cholecystectomy checklist, have not been rigorously tested. 26,27 This study has some limitations. The primary aim of the CholeS study was to assess the variation in practice of cholecystectomy in the UK and was not designed to develop a risk score to predict conversion.…”
“…Other strategies designed to reduce bile duct injuries, including the use of the anatomical landmark Rouvière's sulcus or a cholecystectomy checklist, have not been rigorously tested. 26,27 This study has some limitations. The primary aim of the CholeS study was to assess the variation in practice of cholecystectomy in the UK and was not designed to develop a risk score to predict conversion.…”
“…The key to safe dissection is the dissection technique used. The two cases that lead to this study, as well as one recently reported, use the principles of dissection described by Connor et al , which has not been previously reported for LSGB. The initial dissection commences on the gallbladder, dissecting the gallbladder off the cystic plate .…”
Background
A left‐sided gallbladder (LSGB) is a rare anatomical anomaly that is often not discovered until surgery. Two cases of LSGB managed with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) stimulated this systematic review. The aims of this study were in LSGB to define the rate of pre‐operative detection, variations in biliary anatomy, laparoscopic techniques employed and outcomes of surgery for symptomatic gallstones.
Methods
A systematic review was performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analyses principles.
Results
Fifty‐three studies with 112 patients of which 90 (80.4%) had symptomatic gallstones. Pre‐operative imaging was performed in 108 patients (96.4%) with an LSGB reported on imaging in 32 (29.6%) patients. The remainder of LSGB were discovered at surgery. Ultrasound detected an LSGB in three (2.7%) patients. Five variants of cystic union with the common hepatic duct (CHD) were identified. The most common (67.8%) was union on the right side of the CHD after a hairpin bend anterior to the CHD. A cholecystectomy for gallstone disease was performed in 90 patients, 23.3% open and 76.7% LC. Common variations in LC technique were different port site placement and techniques related to the falciform ligament to improve exposure. Common bile duct injury occurred in four (4.4%) patients.
Conclusion
LSGB is a rare anatomical variation that in patients with symptomatic gallstones is usually discovered at surgery. Cholecystectomy is associated with a higher incidence of common bile duct injury.
“…The article stated dissection of hepatobiliary triangle should be lateral to LN to minimize the risk of BDI [9]. Hepatobiliary (previously called Calot's) triangle in modern practice consists of the cystic duct as the inferior border, common hepatic duct as the medial border and inferior border of the liver as the superior border.…”
Bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is rare and often happens due to misidentification. Experts recommend dissection during laparoscopic cholecystectomy occur lateral to the cystic artery lymph node (LN). The LN is classically identified as a single node overlying the cystic artery and lateral to the bile duct. It thus represents another important landmark during LC. We present the first patient, to our knowledge, with 3 LNs in the hepatobiliary triangle. The laparoscopic cholecystectomy and recovery were uneventful. The LN is an important anatomical marker during LC and the presence of multiple LNs does not impact on surgical technique.
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