“…Improved nurse-patient communication is important because it has the potential to enhance patient understanding of the treatment plan and decrease behaviors that lead to adverse outcomes. Physical restraint use, pain management, sedation use, and unplanned device removal are nursing care quality indicators potentially linked to communication (Alasad & Ahmad, 2005; Happ, 2000; Happ, Tuite, Dobbin, DiVirgilio-Thomas, & Kitutu, 2004; Weinert, Chlan, & Gross, 2001). To best inform communication interventions and intervention testing, research is needed to understand how nurse-patient interaction behaviors affect nursing care quality and safety for vulnerable, critically older adults.…”