This research examines the main characteristics of the most promising meta-heuristic approaches for the general process of a Job Shop Scheduling Problems (i.e., JSSP). Being a NP complete and highly constrained problem, the resolution of the JSSP is recognized as a key point for the factory optimization process [4]. The chapter examines the soundness and key contributions of the 7 meta-heuristics (i.e., Genetics Approaches, Ants Colony Optimization, Bees Algorithm, Electromagnetic Like Algorithm, Simulating Annealing, Tabu Search and Neural Networks), those that improved the production scheduling vision. It reviews their accomplishments and it discusses the perspectives of each meta approach. The work represents a practitioner guide to the implementation of these meta-heuristics in scheduling job shop processes. It focuses on the logic, the parameters, representation schemata and operators they need. 2. The job shop scheduling problem The two key problems in production scheduling are "priorities" and "capacity". Wight (1974) described scheduling as "establishing the timing for performing a task" and observes that, in 1 The etymology of the word heuristic derives from a Greek word heurìsco (єΰρισκω)-it means "to find"-and is considered the art of discovering new strategy rules to solve problems. Heuristics aims at a solution that is "good enough" in a computing time that is "small enough". 2 The term metaheuristc originates from union of prefix meta (μєτα)-it means "behind, in the sense upper level methodology"-and word heuristic-it means "to find". Metaheuristcs' search methods can be defined as upper level general methodologies guiding strategies in designing heuristics to obtain optimisation in problems.