Uses of Trace Fossils in Genetic Stratigraphy

MacEachern, James A.; Pemberton, S. George; Gingras, Murray K.; Bann, Kerrie L.; Dafoe, Lynn T.

doi:10.1016/b978-044452949-7/50133-9

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This would have signalled a shift from a Skolithos ichnofacies to a Glossifungites ichnofacies (MacEachern, MacEachern, Pemberton, Gingras, Bann, & Dafoe, 2007). This supposition is supported by interconnected ichnological and sedimentological evidence.…”

Section: Analysis Of Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…For example, moderate numbers of burrowers and nearly contemporaneous populations would have occupied softgrounds, such as at the LowT/Riverbend Cliff and McFall Ledge sites, whereas firmgrounds would have had separate generations in the same place over greater amounts of time (Frey & Seilacher, 1980;MacEachern, Pemberton, Gingras, Bann, & Dafoe, 2007;Pemberton & Frey, 1985). Only one locality, Buckeye Branch Mouth, showed densely packed and numerous overlapping burrows in the Diplocraterion bed, whereas the other two localities collectively had a single example of burrows cutting across one another (McFall Ledge).…”

Section: Analysis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ups and downs ofDiplocraterionin the Glen Rose Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Dinosaur Valley State Park, Texas (USA)

et al. 2015

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Diplocraterion, a U-shaped burrow attributed to infaunal invertebrates, is normally a shallow-marine trace fossil and not part of a continental vertebrate ichnoassemblage. Hence, the Glen Rose Formation (Aptian-Albian) of Texas (USA) presents an opportunity to study Diplocraterion associated with a world-class dinosaur tracksite. Most Diplocraterion are in a bioclastic wackestone-packstone bed just above the Taylor Tracklayer, a significant dinosaur track horizon. Diplocraterion are consistently sized, but with variable depths; most have protrusive spreiten and northeast-southwest trends. Smaller Arenicolites co-occur with Diplocraterion, and other trace fossils include Rhizocorallium and a large theropod trackway. Based on our analysis, a sea-level rise buried the Taylor Tracklayer, with a shallow-marine carbonate mud colonised by Diplocraterion and Arenicolites tracemakers. Protrusive Diplocraterion, eroded burrow tops, Rhizocorallium, and other criteria point towards firming and net erosion of the bed caused by a stillstand. The depositional environment of the Diplocraterion bed was possibly a subtidal lagoon that covered shoreward sediments impacted by large theropods. Burrow orientations suggest bidirectional currents consistent with trends of theropod trackways, implying each were controlled by a shoreline. The results of our study demonstrate how marine invertebrate and continental vertebrate trace fossils can be used together to define fine-scale changes in former carbonate shorelines.

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Section: Analysis Of Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Analysis Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ups and downs ofDiplocraterionin the Glen Rose Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Dinosaur Valley State Park, Texas (USA)

et al. 2015

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“…It is a good indicator of firmgrounds, stiffground (softgrounds) and hardgrounds (Myrow 1995;MacEachern and Burton 2000;Savrda et al 2001;Malpas et al 2005;MacEachern et al 2007b;Knaust 2009;Pearson et al 2012). It is usually found in oxygenated substrates Pruss and Bottjer 2004;Uchman 2004, 2010;Giannetti and McCann 2010).…”

Section: Thalassinoides Ichnoassociation (Ia 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mytilidae (Lithophaga lithophaga) and Gastrochaenidae (Gastrochaena dubia) are suggested as their potential producers in modern environments (Warme 1975;Wilson and Palmer 1998;Wilson and Taylor 2001;Donovan and Hensley 2006;Perry and Smithers 2006;Wilson et al 2008;Buatois and Mángano 2011;Gibert et al 2012). Because the same behaviour, without significant differences in morphology, is represented in bivalve dwelling structures in both hard and firm substrates, Gastrochaenolites applies both to borings and burrows (Ekdale and Bromley 2001a;Donovan 2002;Mikuláš et al 2003;Bertling et al 2006;Carmona et al 2007;MacEachern et al 2007b;Knaust 2008;Dronov 2010). Gastrochaenolites belongs to the Glossifungites and Trypanites ichnofacies (MacEachern et al 2007a.…”

Section: Archaeonassa Fossulatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace fossils from the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Górne (North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland) and their palaeoenvironmental interpretation

Chrząstek¹

2013

Acta Geologica Polonica

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The following trace fossils have been recognised in the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Gorne (North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland): Archaeonassa fossulata, Balanoglossites triadicus, ?Gastrochaenolites isp., Lockeia isp., Palaeophycus tubularis, Palaeophycus isp., ?Planolites beverleyensis, P. montanus, Planolites isp., ?Protovirgularia isp., Rhizocorallium commune var. auriforme, R. commune var. irregulare, R. jenense, Skolithos linearis, Thalassinoides suevicus and Trypanites weisei. Coprolites and an unidentified trace fossil A are also described. The trace fossils allow the discrimination of five ichnoassociations in the Raciborowice Gorne section: (IA 1) Rhizocorallium- Pholeus, (IA 2) Rhizocorallium-Palaeophycus, (IA 3) Thalassinoides, (IA 4) Trypanites-Balanoglossites and (IA 5) Planolites-Palaeophycus. The Lower Muschelkalk succession was deposited on a shallow carbonate ramp affected by frequent storms. Deposition commenced with sedimentation in a restricted lagoon on the inner ramp with a short episode of sabkha formation. It continued on the middle and outer ramp and then on a skeletal shoal of the outer ramp and in an open basin. Ichnoassociation IA 5 is related to a maximum transgression that commenced with the deposition of the Spiriferina Bed and which probably marked the opening of the Silesian-Moravian Gate. The basin underwent two shallowing episodes, as evidenced by ichnoassociations IA 3-IA 4, resulting in the formation of hardgrounds. Bathymetric changes in the Raciborowice Gorne section correspond well with a general transgressive trend in the Germanic Basin.

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“…The Skolithos ichnofacies points to de po si tion above the fair weather wave base (i.e. fore shore, up per shoreface-prox i mal lower shoreface en vi ron ment), while the Cruziana ichnofaciesbe low fair-weather wave base but above the storm wave base (dis tal lower shoreface-off shore set tings; MacEachern and MacEachern et al, 2007b). In the older shoreface model (MacEachern et al, 1999;Pem ber ton et al, 2001) the prox i mal Cruziana that char ac ter izes the lower shoreface was ly ing above the fair-weather wave base.…”

Section: Reconstruction Of the Middle Turonian Environment On The Basmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Turonian trace fossils from the Bystrzyca and Długopole sandstones

Chrząstek

2013

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The Mid dle Turonian sed i ments of the Nysa K³odzka Graben (Bystrzyca Sand stone in the Stara Bystrzyca out crop and the D³ugopole Sand stone in D³ugopole Górne Quarry) con tain trace fos sils, which in clude Curvolithus sim plex, ?Macaronichnus isp., Ophiomorpha nodosa, Ophiomorpha isp., Palaeophycus tubularis, Thalassinoides cf. paradoxicus, T. suevicus and Thalassinoides isp. The as sem blage of trace fos sils points to the prox i mal Cruziana ichnofacies, that char ac ter izes the dis tal lower shoreface and the ar che typal Cruziana ichnofacies, typ i cal of up per off shore set tings. The trace fos sils ev i dence implies that sed i men ta tion took place in a shal low ba sin with pe ri ods of a sud den sed i ment in put, good ox y gen a tion and nor mal sa lin ity. The Bystrzyca and D³ugopole sand stones are de pos its of the shal low epicontinental sea that were de pos ited between the fair-weather and storm-wave base, in the dis tal lower shoreface-up per off shore set ting. The Bystrzyca Sand stone is rec og nized as storm-orig i nated de pos its, whereas the D³ugopole Sand stone is prob a bly the part of prograding "ac cu mu lation ter race". The source of ma te rial for the sand stone was the East Sudetic Is land and prob a bly also the Orlica-Bystrzyca Up lift. The stud ied sand stones are re lated to a re gres sion that started in the early/mid dle Mid dle Turonian and caused a rel ative up lift of the sur round ing land.

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Uses of Trace Fossils in Genetic Stratigraphy

Cited by 25 publications

References 35 publications

The ups and downs ofDiplocraterionin the Glen Rose Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Dinosaur Valley State Park, Texas (USA)

The ups and downs ofDiplocraterionin the Glen Rose Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Dinosaur Valley State Park, Texas (USA)

Trace fossils from the Lower Muschelkalk of Raciborowice Górne (North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland) and their palaeoenvironmental interpretation

Middle Turonian trace fossils from the Bystrzyca and Długopole sandstones

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