“…The relationship between health and entrepreneurship is bidirectional (Shepherd & Patzelt, 2015), as entrepreneurial activities have both positive and negative effects on mortality and the spread of viral diseases (Gordon, 2016). Moreover, the shock also has direct and relevant implications for pharmaceutical and medical innovations, such as vaccines and treatments, although, in the past, infectious disasters have rarely led to improvements in health research in the short term (Bresalier, 2012;Sankaran et al, 2020). However, continuous efforts by medical researchers and practitioners, usually supported by governmental authorities, eventually succeed in producing the knowledge basis for a consensus regarding the medical contours of the epidemics, thereby providing the necessary foundations for the move from the short into the long term.…”