User/System Interface Design

Mandel, Theo

doi:10.1016/b0-12-227240-4/00190-8

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Ensuring ease of use required that we “Know Our Users,” the first rule in usability design [12, 21, 29]. The users in this study were cancer patients, many of whom are elderly (age 65 and older).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an easy-to-use tablet computer application for assessing patient-reported outcomes in patients with cancer

Fromme

Kenworthy-Heinige

Hribar

2010

Support Care Cancer

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Background In order to be practically useful, computer applications for patients with cancer must be easily usable by people with limited computer literacy and impaired vision or dexterity. We describe the usability development process for an application that collects quality of life and symptom information from patients with cancer. Methods Usability testing consisted of user testing with cancer patients to identify initial design problems and a survey to compare the computer application’s ease of use between elderly and younger patients. Results In user-testing phase, seven men aged 56 to 77 with prostate cancer were observed using the application and interviewed afterwards identifying several usability concerns. Sixty patients with breast, gastrointestinal, or prostate cancer participated in the ease of use survey, with 40% (n=24) aged 65 or older. Younger patients reported significantly higher scores than elderly patients (14.0 vs. 10.8, p=.001), even when prior computer and touch screen use was controlled. Conclusion Elderly users reported lower ease of use scores than younger users; however, their average rating was quite high—10.8 on a scale of −16 to +16. It may be unrealistic to expect elderly or less computer literate users to rate any application as positively as younger, more computer savvy users—perhaps it is enough that they rate the application positively and can use it without undue difficulties. We hope that our process can serve as a model for how to bridge the fields of computer usability and healthcare.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an easy-to-use tablet computer application for assessing patient-reported outcomes in patients with cancer

Fromme

Kenworthy-Heinige

Hribar

2010

Support Care Cancer

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“…(Q2) Communication Medium: Communicating information to human users can be typically achieved through four mediums: Verbal, non-verbal, text-based, and visual. One of the most common computer interfaces to communicate information is the graphical user interface, where information is presented graphically through a combination of visualizations and text (Mandel, 2002). From the perspective of communicating explanations, although text can be a natural representation for an explanation, when presented alone, it can require increased cognitive effort and possibly increase the likelihood of misunderstanding the task especially for novice users.…”

Section: Proof-of-concept: Communicating Explanations To Human Usersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Logic-Based Explanation Generation Framework for Classical and Hybrid Planning Problems

Vasileiou

Yeoh²,

Son³

et al. 2022

jair

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In human-aware planning systems, a planning agent might need to explain its plan to a human user when that plan appears to be non-feasible or sub-optimal. A popular approach, called model reconciliation, has been proposed as a way to bring the model of the human user closer to the agent’s model. To do so, the agent provides an explanation that can be used to update the model of human such that the agent’s plan is feasible or optimal to the human user. Existing approaches to solve this problem have been based on automated planning methods and have been limited to classical planning problems only. In this paper, we approach the model reconciliation problem from a different perspective, that of knowledge representation and reasoning, and demonstrate that our approach can be applied not only to classical planning problems but also hybrid systems planning problems with durative actions and events/processes. In particular, we propose a logic-based framework for explanation generation, where given a knowledge base KBa (of an agent) and a knowledge base KBh (of a human user), each encoding their knowledge of a planning problem, and that KBa entails a query q (e.g., that a proposed plan of the agent is valid), the goal is to identify an explanation ε ⊆ KBa such that when it is used to update KBh, then the updated KBh also entails q. More specifically, we make the following contributions in this paper: (1) We formally define the notion of logic-based explanations in the context of model reconciliation problems; (2) We introduce a number of cost functions that can be used to reflect preferences between explanations; (3) We present algorithms to compute explanations for both classical planning and hybrid systems planning problems; and (4) We empirically evaluate their performance on such problems. Our empirical results demonstrate that, on classical planning problems, our approach is faster than the state of the art when the explanations are long or when the size of the knowledge base is small (e.g., the plans to be explained are short). They also demonstrate that our approach is efficient for hybrid systems planning problems. Finally, we evaluate the real-world efficacy of explanations generated by our algorithms through a controlled human user study, where we develop a proof-of-concept visualization system and use it as a medium for explanation communication.

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“…This premise is true for the content as well as for applications provided on a website (Norman, 2002). Equally important is that website elements communicate correct meanings to users (Mandel, 2002), thus, the interface must translate applications and operations of a system in a clear way and complete users' inquiries effectively and successfully (De Marsico and Levialdi, 2004). A tailored website comprising appropriately adjusted content/applications allows the development of long‐standing communities of shared interests and sub‐cultural identification (Schmidt, 2007).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping segments accessing user‐generated content and website applications in a joint space

Kastner

Stangl

2012

International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research

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PurposeThe relevant literature suggests that website designers should consider the needs of their target groups. This study aims to show the importance of certain website content/applications as perceived by specific user segments, and reveal a posteriori segments based on motivational factors for reading user‐generated content (UGC). The study then seeks to visualize the connections between segments, their perceived importance of website applications, and further explanatory variables, by applying correspondence analysis (CA). The authors show that creative usage of CA may give insight into the varying contributions of certain variables through the exclusion of scale categories or segments.Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected 440 completed questionnaires in an online survey. Of the 240 respondents who read UGC, the authors clustered motivational factors by applying a vector quantization method, and then used CA to give insights into the importance of website content/applications for certain segments. The paper explains how matrices can be simplified in order to facilitate interpretation, and applies Rasch analysis to ensure the accuracy of this simplification.FindingsThe results indicate that six segments exist with different motivations for accessing UGC: enthusiasts, mavericks, tips and price optimizers, safety players, uncommercials, and avoiders. For these different segments, the perceived importance of diverse website content/applications vary. The authors show that interpretation may be simplified, without the loss of substantive information, by combining scale levels and excluding neutral categories. The Rasch analysis also supports combining categories.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors also show how the demonstration of certain effects can be enhanced by animated graphics, and that these can then be embedded into PDF files. However, embedding of animations only makes sense for digital articles or media in general; in a printed version, the reader would need to be redirected to a website.Practical implicationsSocial media website providers need to be aware that diverse segments perceive the importance of content/applications differently, and designers should customize a website accordingly. Finally, and in terms of methodology, this paper highlights how CA is valuable for management presentations because it displays categorical data in an easy‐to‐read graph format.Originality/valueNo research has hitherto shed light on the connection between the perceived importance of website content/applications and the motivational factors for accessing UGC. This paper contributes to filling this gap.

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User/System Interface Design

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Developing an easy-to-use tablet computer application for assessing patient-reported outcomes in patients with cancer

Developing an easy-to-use tablet computer application for assessing patient-reported outcomes in patients with cancer

A Logic-Based Explanation Generation Framework for Classical and Hybrid Planning Problems

Mapping segments accessing user‐generated content and website applications in a joint space

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