User's hand effects on EMC internal GSM/DCS dual-band mobile phone antenna

Su, Chih‐Ming; Wu, Chih-Hsien; Yeh, Shih‐Huang; Tang, Chia-Lun

doi:10.1002/mop.21699

Cited by 29 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In this case, as the user's hand is considered as a very lossy material [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], its effects on the radiation efficiency and radiation patterns of the proposed antenna will be interesting and also important for practical applications. Results obtained from the simulation model with the phantom hand provided by SPEAG SEMCAD [22] are analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very small size printed monopole with embedded chip inductor for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN laptop computer antenna

Kang

2009

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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mode conversion, because both 15 GHz and 9 GHz conditions cannot be satisfied at the same time. The final design of the mode converter is shown in Figure 2. Three dielectric rods are located at the center of the waveguide. Two of these have r ¼ 0.515 mm and the remainder have a half cross-section radius of 0.36 mm in order to decrease electromagnetic reflection. Nine dielectric rods are placed from the center of the waveguide to near the sidewall with increasing radius of the rods r and with constant a ¼ 9.54 mm. Table 1 shows the relation between the distance d and radius r. The S parameters between the input port (Port 1) and output port (Port 2) are calculated using the HFSS software by Ansoft and the results are shown as solid lines in Figures 4(a) and 4(b). The electromagnetic waves pass through as the TE 10 mode for 7-11.2 GHz and are converted to the TE 20 mode for 14.1-16.1 GHz under a condition of over 95% efficiency. However, as the TE 20 mode is not sufficiently small under À15 dB, optimization of the design is necessary for reduction of reflections. Although reflection as TE 20 is not small at high frequency, if a coaxial waveguide converter is used for the introduction of electromagnetic waves to a waveguide, odd mode may not have a strong influence on even symmetry structure. SIMPLE FABRICATION METHODFor the fabrication of a mode converter, such as, the Type A illustrated in Figure 5(a), it is necessary to locate the dielectric rods in the waveguide without a gap at top and bottom. Such a structure may be difficult to fabricate. As a solution, holes with diameter 0.2 mm larger than the rods were fabricated at the top of the waveguide and the dielectric rods were inserted [Type B, CONCLUSIONSWe have previously reported that single-mode propagation is available for a metallic waveguide with dielectric rods arrayed at the center of a waveguide using the TE 10 mode and the TE 20 mode. However, a TE 20 -like mode, which is propagated in the second band, is an odd mode, and generation is not easy. In this investigation, a mode converter is proposed, which passes through the TE 10 mode for the low frequency range and converts TE 10 to the TE 20 mode for the high frequency range by small variation in the group velocity. It was shown that the electromagnetic waves pass through as the TE 10 mode for 7-11.2 GHz and are converted to the TE 20 mode for 14.1-16.1 GHz under a condition of over 95% efficiency. ABSTRACT: A very small size planar two-strip monopole printed on a thin (0.4 mm) FR4 substrate for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz triple-band WLAN operation in the laptop computer is presented. With the aid of an embedded chip inductor of 5.6 nH in the longer strip of the printed monopole, a much reduced strip length for obtaining the resonant mode at about 2.4 GHz is obtained, thereby leading to a much reduced size of the antenna for the desired WLAN operation. When the antenna is mounted along the top edge of the display ground, it shows a height of 9 mm and a length of 6 mm only, which is about the smallest among the tr...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very small size printed monopole with embedded chip inductor for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN laptop computer antenna

Kang

2009

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…Owing to the bones occupying most volume of the user's hand, the equivalent parameters of the one-layer simulation hand model including the forearm in this study are selected to be close to those of the bones. With comparison to the multilayer simulation hand model [6], the use of the one-layer equivalent hand model can greatly reduce the simulation time [7]. This makes it possible for obtaining an efficient and reliable simulation study for the mobile antenna with the presence of the user's hand.…”

Section: Simulation Hand Model and Studied Planar Dtv Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This makes it necessary to include the user's hands in the study of the antenna performances, since it has been concluded that the user's hands function as an effective lossy medium and will affect the antenna performances significantly [6,7]. For this consideration, we present in this article the study of the planar DTV antenna in the PMP with the presence of the user's hands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Broadband planar DTV antenna in the portable media player held by the user's hands

Row

2007

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…However, in practice, the handset antenna performance is strongly affected by other important factors such as hand interaction [23][24][25] and human head effect [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. The user significantly interacts with the radiating system, especially during a phone call, affecting its performance and causing radiation losses as well as detuning effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Head Interaction Over Ground Plane Booster Antenna Technology: Functional and Biological Analysis

Andújar¹,

Anguera²,

Picher³

et al. 2012

PIER B

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Abstract-Handset antennas strongly interact with the human body. When a user holds a handset during a phone call, the proximity of the human head considerably affects the antenna performance and eventually the quality of the wireless connection. Consequently, the assessment of the antenna parameters regarding free-space conditions is not enough to fully characterize the performance of handset antennas and a further analysis taking into account human head interaction is required. In this sense, this paper presents a study that deals with the human head interaction concerning two aspects: functional and biological. The first one analyzes the effect of the human head over the main antenna parameters (reflection coefficient, efficiency, and radiation pattern) whereas the second one evaluates the impact of the antenna over the human head in terms of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). Four representative prototypes of radiating structures are measured in both conditions in order to compare their performance: a dual-band Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA), a hexa-band PIFA with a slotted ground plane, a set of coupled monopoles, and a new architecture referred as compact radiating system based on the excitation of the ground plane through a set of non-resonant ground plane boosters. A figure of merit that relates the antenna efficiency with the SAR values is proposed for comparison purposes. The results demonstrate that losses caused by the human head power absorption

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User's hand effects on EMC internal GSM/DCS dual-band mobile phone antenna

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Very small size printed monopole with embedded chip inductor for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN laptop computer antenna

Very small size printed monopole with embedded chip inductor for 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN laptop computer antenna

Broadband planar DTV antenna in the portable media player held by the user's hands

Human Head Interaction Over Ground Plane Booster Antenna Technology: Functional and Biological Analysis

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