User generated content and its authors

Merit and monetisation: A study of video game user-generated content policies

“…Earlier more prescriptive approaches to defining UGC, like the OECD (2007), define the concept with specific criteria: that it is content which shows (i) creative efforts (ii) published on online platforms, (iii) by users outside of their professional practices and routines. More recent perspectives offer flexible interpretations of UGC, depending on the scale of independent creation, derivation from existing works, and collectivist and communicative efforts within a community (see e.g., Gervais, 2009;Iljadica, 2020).…”

“…It is precisely for these reasons that game UGC is conceptualised differently from a creative work made by an author, in copyright discourse. This distinction has been rightly critiqued (to name but a few, Gibson, 2006;Craig, 2011;Meese, 2018;Iljadica, 2020) for its inconsistent treatment between what are both prima facie, precisely the same types of creators that copyright seeks to identify.…”