Usefulness of NBI Magnifying Endoscopy in the Pharynx and Esophagus

Clinical features of pharyngeal intraepithelial neoplasias and outcomes of treatment by endoscopic submucosal dissection

“…12 In the pharynx and esophagus, IPCL patterns observed under NBI combined with magnifying endoscopy are informative: types I to V patterns characterize flat lesions, and type V-1 to type V N patterns reflect cancer infiltration. 21 This was borne out in our study, in which IPCL type IV was more common in the LGD group and type V-2 was more common in the HGD/ CIS group. Inoue et al 26 reported that the type IV pattern in esophageal lesions usually reflected high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or SCC in situ, but the type IV pattern in the hypopharyngeal pyriform sinus lesions often reflected low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias.…”

“…16 It has been used to visualize morphologic changes in the microvascular structure of esophageal lesions and for identifying early-stage head and neck SCCs. 12,[17][18][19] When a well-demarcated brownish area with scattered brown spots was detected by NBI in the pharyngeal area, further endoscopic magnification was used to classify the IPCL pattern into types I through V. 12,17,20,21 Types IV and V were considered indicative of neoplastic lesions. All procedures were performed with the use of a magnifying endoscope (GIF-Q240Z or -Q260Z; Olympus Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) in conjunction with the NBI system.…”

From Staining Techniques to Artificial Intelligence: A Review of Colorectal Polyps Characterization

“…Based on the available literature, three different staining methods have been reported when using EC: toluidine blue, methylene blue, and crystal violet. In 2010, the CM doublestaining method was developed and has been utilized in subsequent studies since this staining method produces a staining pattern that resembles the traditional hematoxylin-eosin staining in conventional microscopy [37]. The CM double-staining method consists of 10cc of 0.05% crystal violet and 1cc of 1% methylene blue.…”

Detecção da neoplasia do esôfago em pacientes com estenose por ingestão de agente corrosivo: estudo comparativo entre o emprego da técnica de cromoscopia óptica e o uso de cromoscopia de contraste

“…Na avaliação da mucosa esofágica com o NBI, achados suspeitos constituem áreas marrom circunscritas, perda da visibilidade verde dos vasos, elevação marginal da mucosa adjacente e mudança no padrão vascular dos IPCLs (6,18,26,30,39,74,76,107).…”