Usefulness of environmental DNA for detecting Schistosoma mansoni occurrence sites in Madagascar

Sato, Marcello Otake; Rafalimanantsoa, Armand; Ramarokoto, Charles Emile; Rahetilahy, Alain Marcel; Ravoniarimbinina, Pascaline; Kawai, Shinya; Minamoto, Toshifumi; Sato, Megumi; Kirinoki, Masashi; Rasolofo, Voahangy; Calan, Mathilde De; Chigusa, Yuichi

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2018.08.018

Cited by 35 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Probes and primer pairs were designed to amplify the 16S rRNA region of the mitochondrial DNA, with product size <150 bp which makes them well suited to amplify small fragments of degraded DNA. Our study provided newly characterised primers that reliably amplify and distinguish each of the three main species that infect humans, unlike previous investigations of Schistosoma eDNA [32,33]. In addition, we have exhaustively tested the sensitivity and species-specificity of the assays in-vitro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It may be that more filters are needed to collect the higher volumes of material required for reliable eDNA assays in turbid environments, which are often characteristic of schistosome transmission sites. The characteristics of the environment may also influence the persistence of eDNA and chances of detection [32,53]. For example, suspended sediment can adsorb DNA [54], and the presence of PCR inhibitors such as humic acids, algae and siliceous sediments can determine the success of qPCR-based eDNA assays [55,56].…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Successful detections of trematode parasites using aquatic eDNA include Ribeiroia ondatrae in North America [29], Opisthorchis viverrini in southeast Asia [30], and Fasciola hepatica and Calicophoron daubneyi in Europe [31]. Previous studies have also shown the feasibility of recovering Schistosoma mansoni DNA from both field and laboratory environments [32,33]. They have also demonstrated that Schistosoma DNA present in laboratory water decayed below levels of detection eight days after the removal of source snails [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

et al. 2020

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Background Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease associated with severe pathology, mortality and economic loss worldwide. Programs for disease control may benefit from specific and sensitive diagnostic methods to detect Schistosoma trematodes in aquatic environments. Here we report the development of novel environmental DNA (eDNA) qPCR assays for the presence of the human-infecting species Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium and S. japonicum. Methodology/Principal findings We first tested the specificity of the assays across the three species using genomic DNA preparations which showed successful amplification of target sequences with no cross amplification between the three focal species. In addition, we evaluated the specificity of the assays using synthetic DNA of multiple Schistosoma species, and demonstrated a high overall specificity; however, S. japonicum and S. haematobium assays showed cross-species amplification with very closely-related species. We next tested the effectiveness of the S. mansoni assay using eDNA samples from aquaria containing infected host gastropods, with the target species revealed as present in all infected aquaria. Finally, we evaluated the effectiveness of the S. mansoni and S. haematobium assays using eDNA samples from eight discrete natural freshwater sites in Tanzania, and demonstrated strong correspondence between infection status established using eDNA and conventional assays of parasite prevalence in host snails. Conclusions/Significance Collectively, our results suggest that eDNA monitoring is able to detect schistosomes in freshwater bodies, but refinement of the field sampling, storage and assay methods are PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

et al. 2020

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“…The use of environmental DNA (eDNA) has been demonstrated to be useful in tracking S. japonicum in water through quantitative PCR (qPCR) [28,29]. It was also successfully applied to other schistosome species, such as S. mansoni in field samples for better surveillance [30,31]. In this study, O. hupensis quadrasi eDNA was detected from soil samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Analysis of Environmental DNA and Edaphic Factors for the Detection of the Snail Intermediate Host Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi

et al. 2019

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Background: The perpetuation of schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines depends to a major extent on the persistence of its intermediate host Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi, an amphibious snail. While the malacological survey remains the method of choice in determining the contamination of the environment as evidenced by snails infected with schistosome larval stages, an emerging technology known as environmental DNA (eDNA) detection provides an alternative method. Previous reports showed that O. hupensis quadrasi eDNA could be detected in water, but no reports have been made on its detection in soil. Methods: This study, thus focused on the detection of O. hupensis quadrasi eDNA from soil samples collected from two selected schistosomiasis-endemic barangays in Gonzaga, Cagayan Valley using conventional and TaqMan-quantitative (qPCR) PCRs. Results: The results show that qPCR could better detect O. hupensis quadrasi eDNA in soil than the conventional method. In determining the possible distribution range of the snail, basic edaphic factors were measured and correlated with the presence of eDNA. The eDNA detection probability increases as the pH, phosphorous, zinc, copper, and potassium content increases, possibly indicating the conditions in the environment that favor the presence of the snails. A map was generated to show the probable extent of the distribution of the snails away from the body of the freshwater. Conclusion: The information generated from this study could be used to determine snail habitats that could be possible hotspots of transmission and should, therefore, be targeted for snail control or be fenced off from human and animal contact or from the contamination of feces by being a dumping site for domestic wastes.

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“…Pooling of samples or use of eDNA-based techniques may help but are likely to be accompanied by a loss of precision in estimates of snail infection rates. 48 The second caveat is that the rodent-transmitted Schistosoma rodhaini , the sister species of S. mansoni , is known to be present in the Lake Victoria basin though it is rare by comparison with S. mansoni . 42 We extracted mammalian schistosome cercariae (four cercariae per infected snail) from 20 different positive snails and all yielded nad5 bands consistent with S. mansoni , with one of these samples indicating a co-infection with S. rodhaini .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A search for snail-related answers to explain differences in response ofSchistosoma mansonito praziquantel treatment among responding and persistent hotspot villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake Victoria

Mutuku

Laidemitt

Beechler

et al. 2018

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4Following a four-year annual praziquantel treatment campaign the resulting prevalence 2 5 of S. mansoni was seen to differ among individual villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake 2 6 Victoria. We have investigated possible inherent differences in snail-related aspects of 2 7 transmission among such 10 villages, including six persistent hotspot (PHS) villages (≤30% 2 8 reduction in prevalence following repeated treatments) located along the west-facing shore of 2 9the lake, and four PZQ-responding (RESP) villages (>30% prevalence reduction following 3 0 repeated treatment) along Winam Gulf. When taking into account all sampling sites and times 3 1 and water hyacinth presence/absence, shoreline-associated B. sudanica from PHS and RESP 3 2 villages did not differ in relative abundance or prevalence of S. mansoni infection. Water 3 3 hyacinth intrusions were associated with increased B. sudanica abundance. The deeper water 3 4 snail Biomphalaria choanomphala was significantly more abundant in the PHS villages and 3 5 prevalence of S. mansoni among villages both before and after control was positively correlated 3 6 with B. choanomphala abundance. Worm recoveries from sentinel mice did not differ between 3 7 PHS and RESP villages, and abundance of non-schistosome trematode species was not 3 8 associated with S. mansoni abundance. Biomphalaria choanomphala provides an alternative, 3 9deepwater mode of transmission that may favor greater persistence of S. mansoni in PHS 4 0 villages. As we found evidence for ongoing S. mansoni transmission in all 10 villages, we 4 1 conclude conditions conducive for transmission and reinfection occur ubiquitously. This argues 4 2for an integrated, basin-wide plan for schistosomiasis control to counteract rapid reinfections 4 3 facilitated by large snail populations and movements of infected people around the lake. 4 4 4 5 Victoria, persistent hotspots 4 6 3 Word count for Abstract: 249 4 7

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Usefulness of environmental DNA for detecting Schistosoma mansoni occurrence sites in Madagascar

Cited by 35 publications

References 35 publications

Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

Schistosoma species detection by environmental DNA assays in African freshwaters

Analysis of Environmental DNA and Edaphic Factors for the Detection of the Snail Intermediate Host Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi

A search for snail-related answers to explain differences in response ofSchistosoma mansonito praziquantel treatment among responding and persistent hotspot villages along the Kenyan shore of Lake Victoria

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