The American Journal of Cardiology

2019

DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.08.040

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Usefulness of Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Aneesha Thobani

¹

,

Devinder S. Dhindsa

²

,

Benjamin DeMoss

³

et al.

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Diseases Functions Applications1

Nonsteroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugs1

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Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…According to previous research, SCH (15) can be further divided into traumatic and spontaneous SCH, depending on its cause (16). Traumatic SCH may be attributed to the wearing of contact lens or other eye injuries, while spontaneous SCH is more common in older patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Subconjunctival Hemorrhage and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 14-Year Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Purpose: Subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) is usually a benign ocular disorder that causes painless, redness under the conjunctiva. However, since SCH and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) share many vascular risk factors, studies have suggested that these two disorders may be significantly associated with each other, and evaluate the concomitance of ACS in patients with SCH.Methods: This population-based cohort study, enrolled 35,260 Taiwanese patients, and used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to identify patients with ACS and SCH. Outcomes were compared between the with and without SCH groups. The study population was followed until the date of ACS onset, the date of withdrawal, death, or December 31st 2013, whichever came first.Results: Of the 85,925 patients identified with SCH between 1996 and 2013, 68,295 were excluded based on the study's exclusion criteria, and a total of 17,630 patients with SCH who were diagnosed by ophthalmologists between 2000 and 2012 were eligible for analysis. After 1:1 propensity score matching for 5-year age groups, gender, and the index year, the results showed that SCH was more common in the 40–59 age group (53.82%) and females (58.66%). As for the ACS-related risk factors, patients with diabetes mellitus (aHR = 1.58, 95% CI = [1.38, 1.81]), hypertension (aHR = 1.71, 95% CI = [1.49, 1.96]) and patients taking aspirin (aHR = 1.67, 95% CI = [1.47, 1.90]) had a notably higher risk of ACS. However, it was found that there were no significant differences in the occurrence of ACS between the non-SCH and SCH patients.Conclusion: This results of this study regarding the risk factors and epidemiology of SCH and ACS were in keeping with previously reported findings. However, the results revealed no significant association between SCH and ACS.

“…According to previous research, SCH (15) can be further divided into traumatic and spontaneous SCH, depending on its cause (16). Traumatic SCH may be attributed to the wearing of contact lens or other eye injuries, while spontaneous SCH is more common in older patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Subconjunctival Hemorrhage and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A 14-Year Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

¹

,

²

,

³

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Purpose: Subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) is usually a benign ocular disorder that causes painless, redness under the conjunctiva. However, since SCH and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) share many vascular risk factors, studies have suggested that these two disorders may be significantly associated with each other, and evaluate the concomitance of ACS in patients with SCH.Methods: This population-based cohort study, enrolled 35,260 Taiwanese patients, and used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to identify patients with ACS and SCH. Outcomes were compared between the with and without SCH groups. The study population was followed until the date of ACS onset, the date of withdrawal, death, or December 31st 2013, whichever came first.Results: Of the 85,925 patients identified with SCH between 1996 and 2013, 68,295 were excluded based on the study's exclusion criteria, and a total of 17,630 patients with SCH who were diagnosed by ophthalmologists between 2000 and 2012 were eligible for analysis. After 1:1 propensity score matching for 5-year age groups, gender, and the index year, the results showed that SCH was more common in the 40–59 age group (53.82%) and females (58.66%). As for the ACS-related risk factors, patients with diabetes mellitus (aHR = 1.58, 95% CI = [1.38, 1.81]), hypertension (aHR = 1.71, 95% CI = [1.49, 1.96]) and patients taking aspirin (aHR = 1.67, 95% CI = [1.47, 1.90]) had a notably higher risk of ACS. However, it was found that there were no significant differences in the occurrence of ACS between the non-SCH and SCH patients.Conclusion: This results of this study regarding the risk factors and epidemiology of SCH and ACS were in keeping with previously reported findings. However, the results revealed no significant association between SCH and ACS.

“…Cardio-vascular diseases (152)(153)(154)(155)(156)(157)(158)(159)(160) Controls cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by modulating angiotensin, thromboxane, and prostacyclin production, inhibits platelets activation and aggregation. Downregulates NF-kB, VCAM-1 and oxygen free radicals leading to reduction of vascular inflammation via p38MAPKs-NF-kB-VCAM-1 pathway.…”

Section: Diseases Functions Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspirin Actions in Treatment of NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease

¹

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²

,

³

et al. 2021

Front. Immunol.

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Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is characterized by nasal polyposis, chronic rhinosinusitis, adult-onset asthma and hypersensitive reactions to cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors. Among the available treatments for this disease, a combination of endoscopic sinus surgery followed by aspirin desensitization and aspirin maintenance therapy has been an effective approach. Studies have shown that long-term aspirin maintenance therapy can reduce the rate of nasal polyp recurrence in patients with N-ERD. However, the exact mechanism by which aspirin can both trigger and suppress airway disease in N-ERD remains poorly understood. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of aspirin effects in N-ERD, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, and consider potential mechanistic pathways accounting for the effects of aspirin in N-ERD.

“…Current recommendations for its use in primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are, however, conflicting. Some recent studies indicate that, in many patients, the risks from using aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease can outweigh the benefits 99,100 . For example, in a meta‐analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials, it has been found that prescription of aspirin for primary prevention resulted in reducing nonfatal ischemic events but significantly increased nonfatal bleeding events 101 .…”

Section: Nonsteroidal Anti‐inflammatory Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repurposing drugs to fight aging: The difficult path from bench to bedside

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²

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³

et al. 2020

Medicinal Research Reviews

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The steady rise in life expectancy occurred across all developed countries during the last century. This demographic trend is, however, not accompanied by the same healthspan extension. This is since aging is the main risk factor for all age‐associated pathological conditions. Therefore, slowing the rate of aging is suggested to be more efficient in preventing or delaying age‐related diseases than treat them one by one, which is the common approach in a current pharmacological disease‐oriented paradigm. To date, a variety of medications designed to treat particular pathological conditions have been shown to exhibit pro‐longevity effects in different experimental models. Among them, there are many commonly used prescription and over‐the‐counter pharmaceuticals such as metformin, rapamycin, aspirin, statins, melatonin, vitamin antioxidants, etc. All of them are being increasingly investigated in preclinical and clinical trials with the aim of determine whether they have potential for extension of human healthspan. The results from these trials are frequently inconclusive and fall short of initial expectations, suggesting that innovative research ideas and additional translational steps are required to overcome obstacles for implementation of such approaches in clinical practice. In this review, recent advances and challenges in the field of repurposing widely used conventional pharmaceuticals to target the aging process are summarized and discussed.

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