Abstract:The availability of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) covered, self-expandable nitinol stents in 2001 considerably improved the patency, response rates and survival of the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). Side effects of portosystemic shunting such as hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and worsening of hepatic function, however, remained a problem. To reduce HE, underdilatation of nitinol stents has been practiced for many years. However, as shown recently, underdilatation was a flop since, due to t… Show more
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