Use: What is Needed to Support Sustainability?

Mikkelsen, Robert L.; Binder, Claudia R.; Frossard, Emmanuel; Brand, Fridolin S.; Scholz, Roland; Vilsmaier, Ulli

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7250-2_5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Loading of P with RM and SL was 26 ± 1 and 16 ± 2 kg ha −1 , respectively (Fig. 1); thus, SL supplied only about 60% of P as RM at equivalent rates of total N. The total P loading with both RM and SL were comparable to estimated total P removal by modern crops, which is often in the range of 5 to 35 kg P ha −1 (Mikkelsen et al, 2014; Withers et al, 2001), depending on the crop. Thus, total P loading with the application of RM and SL at a rate of 100 kg N ha −1 can lead to a build‐up of soil P for crops with lower P uptake, which could be avoided or reduced through application of SL instead of RM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Comparison of Nutrient and Metal Loadings with the Application of Swine Manure Slurries and Their Liquid Separates to Soils

2016

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The accumulation of phosphorus (P) and metals is a serious concern with the continuous application of manure to agricultural soils. Solid-liquid separation of swine slurry is a promising approach to reduce P and metal loadings through application of separated liquid (SL) as a nutrient source. However, little information is available on nutrient and metal loadings with the application of SL compared with unseparated raw manure (RM). We analyzed element concentrations and calculated nutrient and metal loadings for RM and their respective SL applications, considering an application rate of 100 kg total nitrogen (N) ha -1. Samples of SL were obtained through three separation techniques: (i) centrifugation without a flocculant, (ii) centrifugation with a flocculant, and (iii) rotary press with a flocculant. Irrespective of separation technique, calculated P loadings with the application of SL were only 50 to 70% of that of RM at equivalent rates of total N yet exceeded crop removal rate. In contrast, calculated K and Na loadings with SL application were significantly greater than with RM, indicating a possible build-up of K and Na in soil. Calculated Ca and Mg loadings were significantly greater with RM than with SL. Loadings of Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Se, Ti, and V were low, whereas Cu and Zn loadings were above crop removal rates for RM and SL. For solidliquid separation to provide a lasting solution to the problem of P and metal accumulation, the SL must be supplemented with commercial N fertilizer to meet crop N demand. A pplication of swine slurry to agricultural soils as a nutrient source is a commonly practiced option in recycling livestock manure and in reducing synthetic fertilizer inputs for crop production (Choudhary et al., 1996;Edmeades, 2003;Penha et al., 2015). However, long-term applications of swine manure, which are often based on crop nitrogen (N) requirements in Canada, may result in an accumulation of nutrients other than N and non-nutrient metals in soils, which may lead to crop toxicity and environmental problems (Gräber et al., 2005;Møller et al., 2007;Penha et al., 2015;Schoenau and Davis, 2006). Phosphorus (P) is of particular concern because the build-up of P in soils may increase P losses from soils through runoff and leaching (Allen and Mallarino, 2008;Kumaragamage et al., 2011) to waterways, triggering eutrophication, a process primarily controlled by dissolved P concentrations in freshwater (Schindler, 1977). Because inorganic salts are commonly added to animal feed, manures usually contain high concentrations of salts. An increase in soil salinity with continuous application of manure (Li-Xian et al., 2007;Schlegel et al., 2015) can deteriorate soil quality and negatively affect crop growth, which has been of little concern until recently. Micronutrients such as manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn), which are routinely added to livestock feed to fulfill nutritional needs and for the prevention of diseases, are required in small amounts by plants and thus m...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Comparison of Nutrient and Metal Loadings with the Application of Swine Manure Slurries and Their Liquid Separates to Soils

2016

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“…Thus, appropriate soil conservation and erosion control practices, such as mulching, terracing, contour tillage, and planting of cover or perennial crops (Mikkelsen et al. ), would provide substantial potential for decreasing mineral P demand and import dependency. Various researchers point out that conservation agriculture is practiced on less than 1% of the total cropland area in India and its adoption is limited by lack of knowledge, appropriate machinery, and evident incentives (e.g., Bhan and Behera ; Bhattacharyya et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Throughout the study period, on average, 20% (16% to 22%) of the P input to soils were lost through soil erosion (F8). Thus, appropriate soil conservation and erosion control practices, such as mulching, terracing, contour tillage, and planting of cover or perennial crops (Mikkelsen et al 2014), would provide substantial potential for decreasing mineral P demand and Figure 5 Volumes of P flows potentially relevant for recycling in period A (1988-1993) and D (2006-2011). Percentages refer to the share relative to the flow import mineral P (F2) of the respective period.…”

Section: Limiting Phosphorus Losses Through Soil Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time‐Continuous Phosphorus Flows in the Indian Agri‐Food Sector: Long‐Term Drivers and Management Options

Keil

Folberth

Jedelhauser

et al. 2017

J of Industrial Ecology

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Summary Phosphorus (P) is a major agricultural nutrient and, in its mineable form, a potentially scarce resource. Countries with limited physical access to P should hence develop an effective national P governance. This requires analyses of trends and variations in P flows and stocks over time. Here, we present a long‐term P flow analysis for the Indian agri‐food sector from 1988 to 2011. Major P flows are imports of mineral P, fertilizer application, and uptake of animal fodder. The mineral P import dependency ratio is constant at around 93%. On average, 20% of P inputs to soils are lost through erosion. Key drivers of changes in P flows include population growth, dietary change, and agricultural intensification. To reduce its P fertilizer import dependence, India could, for example, substitute up to 19% of the presently applied mineral P if manure used as a household fuel were recycled, and up to 21% if P was fully recovered from wastewater and household waste. Comparing selected indicators for P use in agriculture with China and the European Union (EU) reveals that there are structural similarities, such as increasing fertilizer application rates and P accumulation in soils, with the first but large differences compared to the latter. The analyses highlight that in contrast to static indicators, the time‐continuous tracking of P flows provides substantial advantages, such as the identification of long‐term trends, drivers, and intervention options for sustainable P management, given that it allows for the interpretation of present indicators in the context of past trends and legacies.

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“…More than 90% of the total output of phosphate rock for WPPA is utilized for the production of phosphoric acid. 7,8 According to the various process streams, the WPPA process can be divided into the "dihydrate method", "hemihydrate method", and "dihydratehemihydrate method". The scope of operation and the range of process conditions of the "dihydrate method" are wider than the WPPA process based on the "dihydrate method" and "dihydratehemihydrate method", and its industrial application is also more extensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the occurrence state of main components of phosphogypsum dihydrate and its impurity distribution

Dong,

Sun,

Deng

et al. 2024

RSC Adv.

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Use: What is Needed to Support Sustainability?

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Comparison of Nutrient and Metal Loadings with the Application of Swine Manure Slurries and Their Liquid Separates to Soils

Comparison of Nutrient and Metal Loadings with the Application of Swine Manure Slurries and Their Liquid Separates to Soils

Time‐Continuous Phosphorus Flows in the Indian Agri‐Food Sector: Long‐Term Drivers and Management Options

Study on the occurrence state of main components of phosphogypsum dihydrate and its impurity distribution

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