Use of Yeast Probiotics in Ruminants: Effects and Mechanisms of Action on Rumen pH, Fibre Degradation, and Microbiota According to the Diet

Chaucheyras‐Durand, Frédérique; Chevaux, E.; Martin, Cécile; Forano, Evelyne

doi:10.5772/50192

Cited by 54 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…; Chaucheyras‐Durand et al . ). The increase in mycotoxin is due to the reduction in the number of protozoa, which is one of the most important mycotoxin‐degrading agents (Zebeli and Metzler‐Zebeli ).…”

Section: Rumen Ph Lipopolysaccharide and Ruminant Healthmentioning

confidence: 97%

Role of diverse fermentative factors towards microbial community shift in ruminants

et al. 2019

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Summary Besides the liver, rumen is one of the most important components of metabolism in ruminants. However, the microbes residing in the rumen are influenced by several complex factors such as diet, which result in fluctuations in the rumen pH. Rumen pH affects feed intake and feed digestibility, subsequently causing microbial shift in the individual members of microbial community residing in the foregut and hindgut. This in turn causes an increase in lipopolysaccharide concentration, among other factors, in the gut fluid and animal blood. Irrespective of diet fed to animals, Firmicutes would probably be the most dominant in high grain diet while Bacteroidetes are dominant in hay diet, and both have a relative abundance of about 80% or more at times. The shift in microbial population is not limited to adult ruminants alone but also occur in calves. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria were the most abundant in both hay and concentrate diet of newly weaned calves. Prolonged, depressed pH, causes subacute ruminal acidosis. This leads to compromise in the integrity of both foregut and hindgut of ruminants, eventually causing structural changes in the gut physiology. Furthermore, diet containing C‐12:0 and C‐14:0, which are medium‐chain fatty acids, were toxic to rumen protozoa. Phytochemical content in some plant residues when fed to animals also causes shift in microbial population. Therefore, foregut and hindgut pH stability is important for ruminant health and for optimal productivity.

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Section: Rumen Ph Lipopolysaccharide and Ruminant Healthmentioning

confidence: 97%

Role of diverse fermentative factors towards microbial community shift in ruminants

et al. 2019

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“…In contrast, information on the effects of malate on in vivo ruminal fermentation and performance of beef cattle is more limited and conflicting (Castillo et al, 2004). Yeast cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have also been reported to stimulate lactate utilization by S. ruminantium and M. elsdenii , and could contribute to increase rumen pH (Chaucheyras-Durand et al, 2012). As previously reviewed (Desnoyers et al, 2009;De Ondarza et al, 2010), S. ruminantium supplementation to dairy cattle increases in milk production, but studies on beef cattle are scarce and controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…S. cerevisiae has been reported to stimulate lactate utilization by S. ruminantium and M. elsdenii and to produce malate which stimulates the growth of these two lactate-utilizing bacteria (Nisbet and Martín, 1991;Rossi et al, 1995;Chaucheyras-Durand et al, 2012). As a consequence, S. cerevisiae supplementation can contribute to prevent a drop in rumen pH and reduce the risk of acidosis.…”

Section: Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional strategies to control ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle

Barco¹

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2017 I II IV AgradecimientosLlegar hasta este momento de finalización de la Tesis Doctoral ha sido una carrera de fondo que me ha acompañado a lo largo de mi maduración tanto a nivel profesional como personal, acompañándome en la mochila en numerosos momentos clave de mi vida.Todo empezó nada más presentar mi proyecto fin de carrera, cuando Carlos de Blas, (que de manera sutil, o quizá involuntaria, ha tenido la capacidad de llevarme a lo que soy ahora) comentó "dos artículos más y ya tienes la Tesis". Si bien en aquel momento me pareció una idea imposible, en el fondo se quedó plantada una semilla que comenzó a germinar el día en el que Pedro Medel me encargó realizar el estado del arte del proyecto de investigación que, con el soporte de COPESE, ha dado lugar a este trabajo.Recuerdo perfectamente aquel primer momento en el que visitamos la granja de terneras por primera vez y Javier Peinado dejó en mis manos el control de los ensayos.Llegar hasta el final de este proyecto hubiera sido imposible sin el apoyo tanto de mis compañeros de Imasde en aquellos momentos (Álvaro, Silvia, Jaime, Nacho y Fran), como de David del Pico, Marcos Nieto y Alfonso Fuentetaja de COPESE y, por supuesto, los profesores, investigadores y doctorandas del Departamento de Producción Animal I de la Universidad de León (Loli, Mariajo, Marisa, Eugenia, Silvia, Alfonso..) por su apoyo tanto en granja como en matadero, y especialmente en laboratorio.Quedan atrás muchos días de frío, me atrevería a decir casi siberiano, donde antes de empezar los ensayos algún día nos encontramos a Javier Rincón descongelando tuberías a soplete; aquellos momentos en los que una ternera despistada nos hacía correr los San Fermines por los pasillos, o los madrugones para poder realizar los controles en matadero. Son muchas las anécdotas que quedan atrás, y guardo con buen sabor de boca, un poco de nostalgia, pero especialmente satisfacción por todo lo vivido y aprendido, junto con el sincero agradecimiento a todos los que me han acompañado en este camino. En este proceso de aprendizaje, cabe sin duda la mención especial a mis directores, Pedro y Loli que, sin prisa pero sin pausa, me han impulsado a finalizar este trabajo.Los trabajos realizados en el marco de esta Tesis Doctoral han sido promovidos por Comercial Pecuaria Segoviana, SL (Coca, Segovia, Spain), y llevados a cabo en su granja experimental de terneros de cebo. Este proyecto ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Industria Turismo y Comercio mediante el programa PROFIT (FIT060000200511) y el Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI; IDI-20050617 RESUMENEl objetivo de esta Tesis ha sido estudiar la influencia de diferentes estrategias nutricionales sobre el control de la acidosis en terneros de cebo en un contexto experimental diseñado para representar el manejo nutricional predominante en España. Para ello, se llevaron a cabo tres ensayos experimentales que se describen a continuación.El primer experimento se diseñó para evaluar el efecto de la inclusión de malato, administra...

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“…Rumen pH is commonly used as an overall measure of that stability (Dijkstra et al 2012). Lactic acid bacteria such as Enterococcus and Lactobacillus have been successfully used with yeast species to improve the performance of mature dairy cows, as reviewed by (Chaucheyras-Durand et al 2012). They suggest that these bacteria advantage the cow by promoting, through a steady supply of lactic acid, a similarly steady activity of lactate-utilizing bacteria, the presence of which reduces the risk of sub-clinical rumen acidosis.…”

Section: Weaned Ruminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rumen pH tended to be higher in the H57-fed ewes (P = 0.07), and total VFAs and ammonia concentrations were lower (P = 0.02). The improvement of rumen pH of ruminants fed on high concentrate diets is often a targeted effect of probiotics (Chaucheyras-Durand et al 2008;Chaucheyras-Durand et al 2012). …”

Section: Rumen Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of ruminant health and growth to the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Le¹

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Probiotics are widely used to restore and maintain normal digestive flora to reduce metabolic disorders and improve health and productivity, especially in simple-stomached animals but less so in ruminants. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 (H57) is a novel probiotic that has previously been shown in a pilot study to reduce the risk of hay spoilage and, over a relatively short term of a few weeks, improved dry matter intake (DMI) and the efficiency of nitrogen utilization in pregnant ewes fed the treated hay. The aim of the current study was to evaluate H57 over much longer periods of time than the pilot study, to confirm health and performance responses such as daily weight gain (DWG) at key stress periods in a ruminant's life. The effect of H57 on rumen fermentation, digestibility and concentration of metabolic hormones were also investigated to better understand the actions of H57 in ruminants.The first experiment (Chapter 2) investigated the effect of H57 during the transition from pregnancy to lactation when ruminants undergo a rapid change in metabolic demand.Twenty-four pregnant ewes were individually fed pellets, based on palm kernel meal, to meet their requirements for pregnancy and to gain 70g/d. They were then fed an ad libitum mixture of lucerne and oaten hay during lactation. The H57 improved DMI and DWG in late pregnancy and consequent lamb growth in early lactation. During late pregnancy, the ewes fed H57 ate 16.6% more pellets, retained 45% more nitrogen between 39 and 26 days prior to parturition, and were 17% heavier by parturition. H57 inoculated pellets did not change the digestibility of dietary energy or protein but did modify rumen fermentation toward an increase in the concentration of butyrate and valerate.In the second experiment (Chapter 3), the effect of H57 was investigated around the weaning process, another commonly stressful period in ruminant life. Twenty-four male or female calves were allocated into two groups, and between 4 and 12 weeks of age were individually offered 6 L/d of whole milk and ad libitum starter pellets impregnated with or without H57. Similar to the first experiment, calves fed H57 grew faster, tended to consume more pellets and were 14% more feed efficient compared to the Control calves. The duration of diarrhoea was 2 days less in the H57-fed calves compared to the Control calves. The H57-fed calves also weaned 9 days earlier and were 15.8% heavier at week 19. H57 also showed potential to stimulate rumen development by increasing plasma betahydroxybutyrate, which is an indicator of rumen development in young ruminants, and appeared to improve immunity by increasing the concentration of plasma globulin.iii Given the success of H57 in reducing the weaning age and incidence of diarrhoea in the dairy calves in the second experiment, it was considered there could be additional benefits if the H57 is added at the primary colonization time of the GIT microbiome, that is, as close to parturition as possible. Therefore in the third experiment (Chapter 4), ...

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Use of Yeast Probiotics in Ruminants: Effects and Mechanisms of Action on Rumen pH, Fibre Degradation, and Microbiota According to the Diet

Cited by 54 publications

References 151 publications

Role of diverse fermentative factors towards microbial community shift in ruminants

Role of diverse fermentative factors towards microbial community shift in ruminants

Nutritional strategies to control ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle

Response of ruminant health and growth to the probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

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