Use of X-ray diffraction in assessing the aging pattern of asphalt fractions

Characterization of asphaltenic material obtained by treating of vacuum residue with different reactive molecules

“…This suggests that when the natural bitumen is treated with a modifier, during the reaction asphaltene becomes more compact. These results are consistent with the results documented in the literature [6,17,20]. Similarly, average inter-chain layer distance (dc) also reduces from 4.63 to 4.4X Å (X = 2 or 4 or 6).…”

“…So it also suggests that both the condensed aromatic as well as aliphatic layer becomes more compact due to aging reaction with reactive molecules. Siddiqui et al [17] have also reported that during short term aging both aromatic ring and aliphatic chain of the asphaltene becomes compact and condensed. However, with further aging the compactness of asphaltene structure does not change.…”

“…These graphenes are formed by the staging of aromatic molecules present in the asphaltenic structure. There are also possibilities to appear other two peaks at a higher 2h value and that are due to the reflection of first (1 0 0) and second (1 1 0) nearest neighbors in the ring structure [17][18][19][20]. And the peak intensities due to these bands are very…”

An attempt to produce blast furnace coke from Victorian brown coal

“…8) and another peak in the 2h range of 40-50°(not shown). Li et al [46,48], Sonibare et al [45] and Siddiqui et al [61] also observed a similar peak structure in carbonized coal, sub-bituminous/bituminous coals and asphaltenes respectively. The shape of the 15-35°2h peak in the products indicated that two symmetrical components were required to deconvolute it, as for BF coke.…”

Physical and rheological properties of acrylate–styrene–acrylonitrile modified asphalt cement

“…Therefore, XRD provides insight into the microstructure of asphalt materials and information about the crystalline principles like layer diameter, interlamellar distance, number of lamellars, height of the unit cell, and aromaticity [32].…”