Use of wood elemental composition to predict heat treatment intensity and decay resistance of different softwood and hardwood species

Chaouch, Mounir; Pétrissans, Mathieu; Pétrissans, Anelie; Gérardin, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.09.010

Cited by 104 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Figure 4 shows that for all Tunisian softwood species, the weight losses (WL) due to fungal attack were correlated with mass losses resulting from thermal degradation reactions. The durability was almost complete (weight loss is close to 3% ) when the mass loss reaches 12% as previously reported by Chaouch et al 2010, Sustersic et al 2010, Hakkou et al 2006and Welzbacher et al 2007. …”

Section: Correlation Between O/c Ratio Decay Resistance (Wl %) and Msupporting

confidence: 85%

Heat treatment of Tunisian soft wood species: Effect on the durability, chemical modifications and mechanical properties

Elaieb

Candelier

Pétrissans³

et al. 2015

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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Last decades, wood was promoted as building material. Wood heat treatment by mild pyrolysis has been reported to improve biological durability and dimensional stability of the material and constitutes an attractive « non biocidal » alternative to classical preservation treatments. Previous studies have shown that conferred properties strongly depend on the heat treatment intensity. A quality control marker based on mass loss has been developed. For several years, the increased development of Tunisian wood industry provides a significant capacity of wood production and transformation. Forests in Tunisia consist essentially of coniferous species [Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis), Radiata pine (Pinus radiata), Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), Stone pine (Pinus pinea)], characterised by a weak natural durability. Improved durability and fungal resistance should allow the use of Tunisian species in the wood industry. Import limitation of European species and the use of local species allow the conservation of economic value added in the country and improve the economic balance. For this reason, several Tunisian softwood species (Aleppo pine, Radiata pine and Maritime pine) have been heat-treated under vacuum atmosphere at 230°C to obtain a thermal degradation with mass losses of approximately 8, 10 and 12%. The oven device allows recording the dynamic Mass Loss (ML) during the treatment and following the thermodegradation kinetic. The chemical composition of the studied wood samples was determined before and after heat treatment. For each wood species and treatment intensity, wood chemical and mechanical analyses were performed by measuring O/C ratio, bending and hardness tests. Afterward, tests of decay resistance were performed according to the EN 113 Standard, with different fungal attacks (Poria Placenta, Coriolus Versicolor) at 22°C and 70% of humidity for 16 weeks. Results were related to the mass loss. Furthermore, intensity of thermal degradation was evaluated by TD-GC-MS. Treated and untreated wood samples were maintained during 15 minutes at 230 °C under nitrogen in the thermodesorption tube in order to analyse and compare resulting from the wood thermodegradation volatile compounds.

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Section: Correlation Between O/c Ratio Decay Resistance (Wl %) and Msupporting

confidence: 85%

Heat treatment of Tunisian soft wood species: Effect on the durability, chemical modifications and mechanical properties

Elaieb

Candelier

Pétrissans³

et al. 2015

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…The thermal susceptibility differences between hardwood and softwood species are more pronounced for mass loss higher than 8%. Similar result have been found by Chaouch et al (2010) in a study of the correlation between mass loss and treatment intensity (time and temperature) during the heat treatment of several wood species such as silver fir, pine, beech, poplar and ash. The main difference concerns the thermal degradation kinetics, which is directly influenced by the treatment temperature (Candelier et al 2011) and the quantity of acetic acid liberated during the heat treatment (Stamm 1956).…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Moreover, whatever is the studied wood species, when a mass loss of 12 % is reached, the decay resistance is improved to confer a durability class 3. Similar results have been found by Chaouch et al (2010) indicating that treatment intensity represented by mass loss comprised between 10 and 12 % improves significantly the decay resistance of several hardwood and softwood species.…”

Section: Prediction Of Decay Resistancesupporting

confidence: 86%

“…According to previous experiments, mass losses between 10 and 14% are generally required to reach a weight loss against fungal attacks lower than 3%. The decay resistance of the treated wood matches to a full durability (Chaouch et al 2010), according to the European Standard EN 113/A1 (2004). In parallel with improvement of wood durability, mechanical properties were generally significantly weakened (Bengtsson et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In parallel with improvement of wood durability, mechanical properties were generally significantly weakened (Bengtsson et al 2002). The wood properties' modifications are directly correlated to the treatment intensity (Chaouch et al 2010, Gunduz et al 2009). Nowadays, the main concern is the difficulty to produce in an industrial scale heat treated wood with constant and controlled final wood product quality (durability, dimensional stability, color).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilization of temperature kinetics as a method to predict treatment intensity and corresponding treated wood quality: Durability and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood

Candelier

Hannouz

Elaieb

et al. 2015

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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Wood heat treatment is an attractive alternative to improve decay resistance of wood species with low natural durability. However, this improvement of durability is realized at the expense of the mechanical resistance. Decay resistance and mechanical properties are strongly correlated to thermal degradation of wood cells wall components. Mass loss resulting from this degradation is a good indicator of treatment intensity and final treated wood properties. However, the introduction of a fast and accurate system for measuring this mass loss on an industrial scale is very difficult. Nowadays, many studies are conducted on the determination of control parameters which could be correlated with the treatment conditions and final heat treated wood quality such as decay resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the relations between kinetics of temperature used during thermal treatment process representing heat treatment intensity, mass losses due to thermal degradation and conferred properties to heat treated wood. It might appear that relative area of treatment temperature curves is a good indicator of treatment intensity. Heat treatment with different treatment conditions (temperature-time) have been performed under vacuum, on four wood species (one hardwood and three softwoods) in order to obtain thermal degradation mass loses of 8, 10 and 12%. For each experiment, relative areas corresponding to temperature kinetics, mass loss, decay resistance and mechanical properties have been determined. Results highlight the statement that the temperature curves' area constitutes a good indicator in the prediction of needed treatment intensity, to obtain required wood durability and mechanical properties such as bending resistance and Brinell hardness.

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Traitement solvothermique superficiel de la biomasse lignocellulosique dans les liquides ioniques–hygroscopicité, morphologie et propriétés mécaniques

et al. 2014

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The treated specimens were subjected to moisture adsorption, water absorption, swelling, and mechanical properties testing. The results revealed a notable decrease in ultimate moisture content and water uptake of the samples, provided they were impregnated with a hydrophobic ionic liquid before heat treatment at temperatures less than 200 8C. However, the mechanical properties testing showed that the elastic and rupture moduli of specimens decreased with increasing treatment temperature and time irrespective of using ionic liquids. However, the impregnated samples suffered in general increased breakability which was ascribed to partial solubilization of wood components in the ionic liquid.

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Use of wood elemental composition to predict heat treatment intensity and decay resistance of different softwood and hardwood species

Cited by 104 publications

References 27 publications

Heat treatment of Tunisian soft wood species: Effect on the durability, chemical modifications and mechanical properties

Heat treatment of Tunisian soft wood species: Effect on the durability, chemical modifications and mechanical properties

Utilization of temperature kinetics as a method to predict treatment intensity and corresponding treated wood quality: Durability and mechanical properties of thermally modified wood

Traitement solvothermique superficiel de la biomasse lignocellulosique dans les liquides ioniques–hygroscopicité, morphologie et propriétés mécaniques

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