Use of Wood Biomass in Slovakia

Abstract

Biomass is organic material, the second most important source of energy. Biomass is a renewable energy source. Wood biomass is used as source of energy for heating in many regions in Slovakia. It is because of its availability. Wood biomass is an easily accessible and affordable source of energy. At present, thermochemical processes, biochemical processes and physical-chemical processes are used for biomass utilization. In the article a suitable technology for combustion of wood chips is proposed. It consists of five main technological parts: transport of wood chips, silo, combustion boiler, and stack.

Ultra‐Rapid Removal of Pb(II) Ions by a Nano‐MoS2 Decorated Graphene Aided by the Unique Combination of Affinity and Electrochemistry

“…[ 4 ] The low concentration limit of Pb (II) in water makes the removal of Pb (II) a challenging problem. [ 5 ] Among the techniques employed to remove excess metal ions from wastewater: ion exchange, [ 6 ] biological treatment, [ 7,8 ] membrane filtration, [ 9,10 ] co‐precipitation, [ 11 ] cloud point extraction, [ 12 ] flocculation, [ 13 ] reverse osmosis, [ 14 ] and adsorption, [ 15,16 ] the adsorption‐based removal methodology is one of the most promising and widely applied methods to remove pollutants from the environment due to its cost‐effectiveness, simple operation, and environmental friendliness. [ 17 ] However, the efficiency of adsorption in the removal of toxic metal ions such as Pb (II) depends on the selectivity of the materials used toward the particular ions because of the presence of other pollutants and common metal ions in relatively higher concentrations in water and the very low (safe) level of Pb (II) that need to be achieved.…”

Inorganic Micropollutants Removal by Means of Membrane Processes - State of the Art

“…Metal ions can be successfully removed from water solutions by means of reverse osmosis or nanofiltration as membranes applied in those processes are able to retain dissolved salts of particle sizes not even greater then few nanometers what have been shown in number of studies [27][28][29].…”

“…For example, Bakalar et al [27] presented the results of the removal of copper, nickel and zinc using composite polyamide membrane TW30-1812-50 (Dow Filmtec). They determined effect of the accompanying anions (co-ions), the concentration of cations and transmembrane pressure on the separation efficiency.…”