Use of various genetic markers in differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis strains from animals and humans and for studying epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis

Abstract

One hundred fifty-three Mycobacterium bovis strains from cattle, various animal species from zoos and wild parks, and humans were analyzed for three different genetic markers for use in the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis. M. bovis strains isolated from cattle were found to carry a single IS6110 element, whereas the majority of strains from other animals such as antelopes, monkeys, and seals harbored multiple IS6110 elements, suggesting that the reservoirs in cattle and wild animals are separated. Because the single IS6110 element in cattle strains is located at the same chromosomal position, strain differentiation by insertion sequence fingerprinting was hampered. Therefore, we investigated the usefulness of the direct repeat and polymorphic GC-rich repeat elements for strain differentiation. Both markers allowed sufficient strain discrimination for epidemiological purposes. Evidence is presented that in Argentina, most human M. bovis infections are due to transmission from cattle, whereas M. bovis infections among humans in the Netherlands are mainly contracted from animals other than cattle. Various outbreaks of M. bovis among animals and humans are described, including a small one which likely involved transmission from human to human.

Molecular epidemiology and transmission dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in rural Africa

“…All lanes that were found by GelCompar to have similar banding patterns were compared visually and classified as matched if the banding patterns were 100% identical (in number and molecular weight). Isolates with less than 5 bands were further analysed using a PGRS probe (van Soolingen et al 1994). Thus clusters of genetically identical isolates were identified.…”

DNA fingerprinting of Australian isolates of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis using IS900 RFLP

“…It is clear that while RFLP using IS9 0 0 can detect differences between some strains of M para t u b e rc u l o s i s, polymorphisms are not as common as those found in some other Myc o b a c t e r i u m s p p. I S6 1 1 0-RFLP has been used to establish epidemiological re l ationships between M tuberc u l o s i s i s o l a t e s , 9 and this method combined with other re p e t i t i ve elements in M tuberc u l o s i s complex organisms has been used to establish epidemiological relationships between M bovis isolates. [10][11][12][13] Previously, RFLP had only been applied to the six Australian cattle isolates of M para t u b e rc u l o s i s that we re included in the study of Collins et al 5 These six isolates, from four geographical regions, were typed into four groups (C1, C3, C4 and C5).…”

Prevalence of Multidrug Resistance Mycobacterium Bovis in Human: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Although the infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the main cause of human tuberculosis, there are other species within mycobacterium complex can cause the disease such as M.bovis and M. Africanum [2]. M.bovis infects a large range of domesticated and wild animals and infection spread from these animals to humans [3]. Many studies provided evidence of the human-to-human transmission of M.bovis as well as transmission of the pathogen from patients to animals [4,5].…”