Use of Varenicline in Smokeless Tobacco Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Schwartz, James H.; Fadahunsi, Opeyemi; Hingorani, Rittu; Mainali, Naba Raj; Oluwasanjo, Adetokunbo; Aryal, Madan Raj; Donato, Anthony A.

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntv010

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Fig 4 shows trends for ever waterpipe tobacco use. Various national and subnational surveys from the US documented absolute increases of between 0.3% and 3.1% per year[ 20 , 47 , 49 , 85 – 87 ]. Repeated rounds of a national school survey in Canada showed an absolute increase of 1.2% per year[ 55 – 57 ], and a similarly designed subnational study in Jordan reported an absolute increase of 7.3% per year between 2008 and 2011[ 70 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirty studies from 19 countries reported on ‘other’ defined prevalence measures[ 35 , 69 , 79 , 81 , 82 , 85 , 91 – 98 , 108 , 112 , 120 – 132 ], the details of which are presented in Table G in S1 File . Sixteen studies from ten countries did not specific the waterpipe prevalence measure[ 88 , 123 , 129 , 133 – 145 ], the details of which are presented in Table H in S1 File .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The prevalence and trends of waterpipe tobacco smoking: A systematic review

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionWaterpipe tobacco smoking is harmful to health however its prevalence estimates remain uncertain. We aimed to systematically review the medical literature on waterpipe tobacco prevalence and trends.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase and ISI Web of Science for ‘waterpipe’ and its synonyms, without using language or date restrictions. We included any measure of waterpipe tobacco smoking prevalence in jurisdictionally representative populations. We stratified findings by prevalence measure (past 30 day, ever, regular or occasional, daily, other or unspecified) and age (adults or youth).ResultsWe included 129 studies reporting 355 estimates for 68 countries. In general, prevalence estimates among adults were highest in the Eastern Mediterranean, and among youth were about equal between Eastern Mediterranean and European regions. Past 30 day use was highest among Lebanese youth (37.2% in 2008), ever use was highest among Lebanese youth in 2002 and Lebanese university students in 2005 (both 65.3%), regular or occasional use was highest in among Iranian university students (16.3% in 2005), and daily use was highest among Egyptian youth (10.4% in 2005). Trend data were limited but most studies reported increased use over time, ranging from 0.3–1.0% per year among youth in the US to 2.9% per year among youth in Jordan (both for past 30 day use). Results were similar for ever use trends. Turkey (2.3% in 2008 to 0.8% in 2010) and Iraq (6.3% in 2008 and 4.8% in 2012) both witnessed decreased waterpipe use.ConclusionWaterpipe tobacco smoking is most prevalent in Eastern Mediterranean and European countries, and appears higher among youth than adults. Continued surveillance will be important to assess and inform policy measures to control waterpipe tobacco use.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and trends of waterpipe tobacco smoking: A systematic review

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sixty-four reviews were identified that met eligibility criteria, including those among an unselected population of adults and those limited to a specific subgroup of adults (Table 1). Thirty-two reviews were designated as primary reviews . Eleven additional reviews had overlapping evidence with the primary reviews .…”

Section: Evidence For Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results of these reviews were consistent with the primary reviews in terms of effect magnitude and statistical significance and are not discussed further. Twenty-one reviews focused on specific subpopulations of adults (eg, people with severe mental illness, smokeless tobacco users) . These 21 reviews are not discussed here but are included in the full report…”

Section: Evidence For Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions for Tobacco Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons

Patnode

Henderson

Coppola

et al. 2021

JAMA

142

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceIt has been estimated that in 2018 nearly 20% of adults in the US were currently using a tobacco product.ObjectiveTo systematically review the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy, behavioral interventions, and electronic cigarettes for tobacco cessation among adults, including pregnant persons, to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.Data SourcesPubMed, PsycInfo, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination of Health Technology Assessment; surveillance through September 25, 2020.Study SelectionSystematic reviews of tobacco cessation interventions and randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or pharmacotherapy among pregnant persons.Data Extraction and SynthesisIndependent critical appraisal and data abstraction; qualitative synthesis and random-effects meta-analyses.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHealth outcomes, tobacco cessation at 6 months or more, and adverse events.ResultsSixty-seven reviews addressing pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions were included as well as 9 trials (N = 3942) addressing e-cigarettes for smoking cessation and 7 trials (N = 2285) of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) use in pregnancy. Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions (pooled risk ratio [RR], 1.83 [95% CI, 1.68-1.98]), NRT (RR, 1.55 [95% CI, 1.49-1.61]), bupropion (RR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.52-1.77]), varenicline (RR, 2.24 [95% CI, 2.06-2.43]), and behavioral interventions such as advice from clinicians (RR, 1.76 [95% CI, 1.58-1.96]) were all associated with increased quit rates compared with minimal support or placebo at 6 months or longer. None of the drugs were associated with serious adverse events. Five trials (n = 3117) reported inconsistent findings on the effectiveness of electronic cigarettes on smoking cessation at 6 to 12 months among smokers when compared with placebo or NRT, and none suggested higher rates of serious adverse events. Among pregnant persons, behavioral interventions were associated with greater smoking cessation during late pregnancy (RR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.23-1.48]), compared with no intervention. Rates of validated cessation among pregnant women allocated to NRT compared with placebo were not significantly different (pooled RR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.79-1.56], n = 2033).Conclusions and RelevanceThere is strong evidence that a range of pharmacologic and behavioral interventions, both individually and in combination, are effective in increasing smoking cessation in nonpregnant adults. In pregnancy, behavioral interventions are effective for smoking cessation, but data are limited on the use of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation. Data on the effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation among adults are also limited and results are inconsistent.

show abstract

“…Other reviews obtain similar results, 6,67 although one review found that effectiveness declines over time. 68 While studies show limited or no effects for nicotine replacement therapy, 6,66,67 an 8-week trial of 4-mg nicotine lozenge and tobacco-free snuff for 81 ST users with no immediate intention to quit found 12% biochemically-confirmed abstinence at week 26. 69 Reviews 6,66,67 have also found behavioral interventions, particularly telephone counselling or health care provider interventions, to promote quitting among ST users.…”

Section: Cessation Treatment Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%