Use of urea–molasses–multinutrient block and urea-treated rice straw for improving dairy cattle productivity in Vietnam

Vu, Doan Duc; Cuong, Le Xuan; Dung, Chung Anh; Hai, Pham Ho

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00124-x

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The lack of response in milk yield may have been due to the late stage of lactation of the cows used in this work as suggested by Duc Vu et al (1999); although these authors report that although the productive response was small, the increase in milk yield and milk fat content when coupling the feeding of urea treated rice straw with supplementation with an urea-molasses multinutrient block, resulted in increased profits and better reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows on a long term evaluation. Singh et al (2007) did not detect significant differences in milk yield in dairy cows fed with urea treated rice straw, but mention that cows were able to sustain milk yields during the experiment.…”

Section: Animal Performancementioning

confidence: 78%

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Urea treated maize straw for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of Central Mexico

García-Martínez

Portillo

Castelán-Ortega

et al. 2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

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Maize straw is the main roughage for dairy herds in campesino farms in central Mexico. The objective was to evaluate feeding milking cows on maize straw treated with 40 g/kg DM of urea (A) or untreated straw (B), and 3.0 kg/d of 18% CP concentrate. Twenty-four Holsteins in late lactation from 8 farmers were sorted in two groups: sequence A-B-A or B-A-B; periods were 28 days. Mean daily milk yield for the last two weeks per period, and live-weight and body-condition score every 14 days were used for analysis. Maize straw was ad libitum. Chemical analysis and in vitro digestibility were analysed by Student's t test, animal variables by a switch-back design. 'A' had 44.3 g/kg DM more CP and 106.5 g/kg DM higher in vitro digestibility than 'B' (710 g/kg DM +/- 0.75 'A' vs. 603.5 g/kg DM +/- 1.44 'B'). Despite higher digestibility and intake, there were no differences (P > 0.05) for milk yield, live-weight or body-condition score, although there were in straw intake (P < 0.05). Cows on 'A' ate 1.7 kg/cow/day more straw DM than on 'B'. Lack of response did not offset higher feeding costs although margins were high. Lack of response is attributed to short length of periods and late lactation of cows.

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Section: Animal Performancementioning

confidence: 78%

“…Several studies (Duc Vu et al 1999;Oji et al 2007) on the use of urea as a source of ammonia for the treatment of straws report an increase in the voluntary intake of ruminants. Schiere and de Wit (1995) report a mean increase in DMI of 25% for urea treated rice straw.…”

Section: Intake Of Maize Strawmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urea treated maize straw for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of Central Mexico

García-Martínez

Portillo

Castelán-Ortega

et al. 2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…Cows which received long or short forms of urea-treated rice straw had higher (p<0.05) milk production (milk yield and 3.5% FCM) than those fed on long form of untreated rice straw. Similarly, Vu et al (1999) reported that urea-treated rice straw increased milk production. Wanapat et al (2009b) reported that milk yield tended to be increased with urea-treated rice straw.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Rumen Fermentation and Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Affected by Physical Forms and Urea Treatment of Rice Straw

Gunun

Wanapat

Anantasook

2013

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different physical forms and urea treatment of rice straw on feed intake, rumen fermentation, and milk production. Four, multiparous Holstein crossbred dairy cows in mid-lactation with initial body weight (BW) of 409±20 kg were randomly assigned according to a 4×4 Latin square design to receive four dietary treatments. The dietary treatments were as follows: untreated, long form rice straw (LRS), urea-treated (5%), long form rice straw (5% ULRS), urea-treated (2.5%), long form rice straw (2.5% ULRS) and urea-treated (2.5%), chopped (4 cm) rice straw (2.5% UCRS). Cows were fed with concentrate diets at a ratio of concentrate to milk yield of 1:2 and rice straw was fed ad libitum. The findings revealed significant improvements in total DM intake and digestibility by using long and short forms of urea-treated rice straw (p<0.05). Ruminal pH was not altered among all treatments (p>0.05), whereas ruminal NH3-N, BUN and MUN were found to be increased (p<0.01) by urea-treated rice straw as compared with untreated rice straw. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentrations especially those of acetic acid were decreased (p<0.05) and those of propionic acid were increased (p<0.05), thus acetic acid:propionic acid was subsequently lowered (p<0.05) in cows fed with long or short forms of urea-treated rice straw. The 2.5% ULRS and 2.5% UCRS had greater microbial protein synthesis and was greatest when cows were fed with 5% ULRS. The urea-treated rice straw fed groups had increased milk yield (p<0.05), while lower feed cost and greater economic return was in the 2.5% ULRS and 2.5% UCRS (p<0.01). From these results, it could be concluded that 2.5% ULRS could replace 5% ULRS used as a roughage source to maintain feed intake, rumen fermentation, efficiency of microbial protein synthesis, milk production and economical return in mid-lactating dairy cows.

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Rice Straw-Based Fodder for Ruminants

Aquino

Barrio

Trạch

et al. 2019

Sustainable Rice Straw Management

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Rice straw is a readily available, practical, and cheap source of fodder for feeding ruminants such as buffaloes, cattle, goats, and sheep. Livestock producers commonly haul and stack rice straw from their rice farm, which then forms reserved feed for their animals during lean months or when good-quality roughages are scarce. The feeding of pure rice straw to ruminants during the stages of fast growth and early lactation has been shown to affect both body condition score and animal performance. This is due to lower dry matter intake and protein content (from 4.0% to 4.7% crude protein) of the straw. The high silica and lignin contents of straw also contribute to poor nutrient (dry matter and protein) digestibility (<50%). So, pretreatment of straw is necessary to enhance its contribution to improving meat and milk production. Science-and technology-based farm strategies to optimize the nutritive and feeding values of rice straw had been developed with significant improvement on intake, nutrient digestibility, and animal performance. These technologies were also proven effective in contributing additional income to livestock producers from the sales of milk or live animals. This chapter presents and discusses current innovations and developed technologies on how the nutritive (nutrient composition and fiber fraction) and feeding values of rice straw can be improved.

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Use of urea–molasses–multinutrient block and urea-treated rice straw for improving dairy cattle productivity in Vietnam

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Urea treated maize straw for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of Central Mexico

Urea treated maize straw for small-scale dairy systems in the highlands of Central Mexico

Rumen Fermentation and Performance of Lactating Dairy Cows Affected by Physical Forms and Urea Treatment of Rice Straw

Rice Straw-Based Fodder for Ruminants

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