Use of UBET for design of flash gap in closed-die forging

Use of SLFET for design of flash gap with V-notched lands in a closed-die forging

“…It is confirmed by a numerous amount of papers, in which analysis are done by the use of this numerical tool. For example, Ranatunga et al [4] used UBET analysis for determining the influence dimensions of a flash gap with parallel land on the forging process of turbine rotor-like component used in aircraft engines (assuming simplified geometrical model of forming in plane-strain conditions). They showed that kind of analysis could successfully be used for initial (and quite fast) designing of a flash gap.…”

Augmented upper bound element technique for prediction of temperature and strain in forgings

“…When an element is adjacent to another element, normal velocity at the interface is made continuous. Velocity fields for axisymmetric rectangular and triangular elements similar to the functional forms found in [15,19] were used here. A rectangular element is shown in Fig.…”

“…Subsequently, Bramley and coworkers enhanced the UBET to include die fill, elemental strain accumulation [8], strain-rate hardening [9], and reverse simulation [10]. The UBET has been applied to a variety of metalworking problems [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Effects of blank dimension on forming characteristics during conical-section ring rolling of Inco718 alloy

“…D. Y. Yang et al [1][2][3] researched rolling moment of "L" section ring rolling with energy method. Gunasekera et al [4,5] has given a detailed theoretical analysis on profile ring rolling, which preliminary explored a blank design method of reverse forming. Hawkyard et al [6,7] researched the effects of feed speed, friction condition, and groove size to metal flow and section shape of the rings by experimental method.…”