Use of Tropical Environments in Breeding for Oil Composition of Soybean Genotypes Adapted to Temperate Climates¹

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of genotype X environment interaction on selection for fatty acid composition among soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] lines adapted to the northern United States when grown in tropical environments. Twenty lines of maturity groups I to IIl were grown in three environments in Iowa and four environments in Puerto Rico. Seeds from two replications in each environment were analyzed for the percentages of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids. The line X environment interactions were significant for all fatty acids; however, the phenotypic and rank correlation coefficients for the average performance of lines between Iowa and Puerto Rico were all highly significant. The lines with the lowest average percentage of palmitic, stearic, linoleic, or linolenic acid were the same at both locations. The lines with the highest percentages of the fatty acids in Iowa were ranked within the three highest lines in Puerto Rico. The results indicate that selection for fatty acid composition in tropical environments should be effective for genetic improvement of lines adapted to the northern United States.

Improvement of Oil Quality in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] by Mutation Breeding

“…Elevated stearic acid and low linolenic acid variants did not show stability for the trait in the M 3 generation, indicating the unstable nature of the trait across environments. This agrees well with the previous report by Hawkins et al [21] where the normal level of stearic acid was found to be relatively stable as compared to elevated levels across different environments. High oleic acid variants were comparatively stable.…”

The accumulation pattern in developing seeds and its relation to fatty acid variation in soybean

“…This was because`Cutler71' showed higher stearic and lower linoleic acid composition in experiment 2, while`Clark', as well as`Aburamame' and`Tamamusume', showed stable fatty acid compositions. This indicates the presence of genotype±environment interaction on fatty acid composition, as reported by Burton et al (1983), Hawkins et al (1983), Cramer and ), and Carver et al (1986). In the present study, all the fatty acids showed dierent responses from each other to cropping season (Table 4).…”

“…There is a great intervarietal and interspeci®c variation for the fatty acid composition of soybean seeds, suggesting the possibility of genetic improvement of soybean seed oil quality (Hawkins et al 1983. Using genetic resources, breeders have successfully enhanced the oxidative stability of soybean seed oil by decreasing the polyunsaturated fatty acid content.…”

Breeding for Modified Fatty Acid Composition in Soybean

“…Palmitate content can be evaluated effectively in a range of environments (Hawkins et al, 1983a, 1983b). Horesji et al (1994) found no significant genotype × environment interaction for palmitate content across three Iowa locations in 1 yr. Primomo et al (2002b) evaluated reduced and elevated palmitate lines during 3 yr at four locations in Canada.…”