The
combination of the metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization of alkynes
containing a tethered nucleophile as substituent in aqueous media
(followed by the spontaneous hydrolysis, hydroalkoxylation, or aminolysis
of the transiently formed five-membered heterocycles) with the subsequent
enantioselective ketone bioreduction (mediated by KREDs) has been
achieved. The overall transformations, which formally involve a three-step
one-pot reaction, provide a variety of enantiopure valuable molecules
(e.g., 1,4-diols, lactones, and γ-hydroxy-carbonyl compounds
(carboxylic acids, esters, and amides)) with high conversions and
enantioselectivities and under mild reaction conditions, disclosing
the concept of integrated metal-catalyzed cycloisomerizations of alkynes
and enzymatic catalysis in water.