Use of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Testing in Newborns to Identify Iodine Deficiency ,

Sullivan, Kevin M.; May, W; Nordenberg, Dale; Houston, Robin; Maberly, Glen

doi:10.1093/jn/127.1.55

Cited by 48 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…WHO recommendation of 1150 Ìg iodine/day prevents goiter induced by iodine deficiency. Indirect evidence of greater deficiency problems with vegetarian diets compared with meat-containing mixed diets might be seen in the fact that iodine deficiency is usually most prevalent in the rural population [10]. Iodine intake is dependent on the food tables used in various countries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Deficiency in Vegetarians and Vegans

Krajcovicová-Kudlácková¹,

Bučková

Klimeš

et al. 2003

Ann Nutr Metab

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Iodine content in food of plant origin is lower in comparison with that of animal origin due to a low iodine concentration in soil. Urinary iodine excretion was assessed in 15 vegans, 31 lacto- and lacto-ovovegetarians and 35 adults on a mixed diet. Iodine excretion was significantly lower in alternative nutrition groups – 172 µg/l in vegetarians and 78 µg/l in vegans compared to 216 µg/l in subjects on a mixed diet. One fourth of the vegetarians and 80% of the vegans suffer from iodine deficiency (iodine excretion value below 100 µg/l) compared to 9% in the persons on a mixed nutrition. The results show that under conditions of alternative nutrition, there is a higher prevalence of iodine deficiency, which might be a consequence of exclusive or prevailing consumption of food of plant origin, no intake of fish and other sea products, as well as reduced iodine intake in the form of sea salt.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Deficiency in Vegetarians and Vegans

Krajcovicová-Kudlácková¹,

Bučková

Klimeš

et al. 2003

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…Other potential indices of ID, such as neonatal TSH, are not completely reliable due to many factors, including the timing of sample collection (1)(2)(3)(4)32,35,36). Although the present study showed that the newborns met the WHO criteria for desirable serum TSH concentrations (considered iodine sufficient if less than 3% of the newborns have TSH >5 mU=L), it is now well recognized that the regulation of TSH secretion in the newborn does not follow the same feedback mechanisms observed when the thyroid-pituitary axis is fully developed (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Status of Pregnant Women and Their Progeny in the Minho Region of Portugal

Costeira

Oliveira

Segura

et al. 2009

Thyroid

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Background: Iodine sufficiency is particularly necessary throughout pregnancy, given its recognized impact on psychomotor performance of the offspring. There are no recent reports about iodine status or supplementation in Portugal, a country that the International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders considered, in 2004, to have probably reached iodine sufficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate in the Minho region of Portugal the iodine status of women throughout pregnancy and after delivery, and of their offspring. Methods: Urinary iodine concentration (UI) was determined in 78 nonpregnant premenopausal women, in 140 pregnant women in the three trimesters of pregnancy and after delivery, and in their 142 offspring. Milk iodine concentration was determined at day 3 and 3 months after delivery. The thyroid volume was determined in women in the third trimester of pregnancy and 3 months after delivery and in infants at 3 months of age. Results: Based on the World Health Organization criteria, both nonpregnant and pregnant women had iodine deficiency (ID), as documented by median UI of <75 mg=L and milk iodine concentration of <100 mg=L. Goiter was observed in 14% of the pregnant women. Concordant with the mother's ID, median neonatal UI was low (71 and 97 mg=L at 3 days and 3 months of age). Conclusion: Portuguese women of the Minho region have an inadequate iodine intake, which may compromise the potential for full psychomotor development of their progeny. These observations suggest that iodine supplementation should be implemented throughout pregnancy and lactation in Portugal.

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“…Moreover, in many developing countries CH screening was implemented in cord blood samples to accelerate the mother’s discharge [11, 18, 19, 20, 21]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal TSH Levels as an Index of Iodine Sufficiency: Differences Related to Time of Screening Sampling and Methodology

et al. 2004

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Introduction: Current WHO guidelines consider that under adequate iodine intake <3% of newborns should have neonatal TSH levels of >5 mU/l blood when screening is performed in cord blood or at 3 days to 3 weeks of age. Objective: To estimate whether this absolute criterion when applied to newborns older than 48 h of age and native to Buenos Aires coincides with the traditional ones (goiter and urinary iodine in school-age children (SAC)), and if the evaluation varies with either the methodology used for TSH measurements and/or the time of specimen sampling. Population and Methods: TSH was measured by an immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) on filter paper blood spots of 186 cord blood samples, 112 babies <48 h of age and 1,500 newborns >48 h of age, and by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) in 238 newborns. The WHO ICCIDD absolute criteria were applied to each population. Thyroid volume was assessed by direct palpation in 500 SAC, and in 100 of them urinary iodine levels were measured. Results: TSH levels were >5 mU/l blood in 11.3% of the cord blood samples and in 3.6% of the samples from babies <48 h of age, suggesting mild iodine deficiency. TSH was >5 mU/l in 2.7% of newborns >48 h of age tested by IFMA (iodine sufficient) and in 30% measured by IRMA (moderate iodine insufficiency). Median urinary iodine and goiter prevalence in SAC were 143 µg/l and 4.5%, respectively, as expected in an iodine-sufficient area. Conclusion: The TSH levels in Buenos Aires conform with the WHO criterion that defines iodine sufficiency. Application of this criterion, however, to cord blood samples or samples from babies <48 h old and the use of different methodologies may lead to erroneous conclusions.

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Use of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Testing in Newborns to Identify Iodine Deficiency ,

Cited by 48 publications

References 11 publications

Iodine Deficiency in Vegetarians and Vegans

Iodine Deficiency in Vegetarians and Vegans

Iodine Status of Pregnant Women and Their Progeny in the Minho Region of Portugal

Neonatal TSH Levels as an Index of Iodine Sufficiency: Differences Related to Time of Screening Sampling and Methodology

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