Use of the retinal vessel analyzer in ocular blood flow research

Garhöfer, Gerhard; Bek, Toke; Boehm, Andreas; Gherghel, Doina; Grunwald, Juan E.; Jeppesen, Peter; Kergoat, Hélène; Kotliar, Konstantin; Lanzl, Ines; Lovasik, John V.; Nagel, Edgar; Vilser, Walthard; Orgül, Selim; Schmetterer, Leopold

doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01587.x

Cited by 192 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…To avoid using the OCT images, many earlier studies (e.g [28, 29, 32-34]) used fundus photography to determine the vessel diameter. Another possibility is measuring the vessel diameter with a DVA, as was done in several studies (e.g [30,35,36]); this method gives significantly more exact results [37]. The latter method was chosen in the study presented here; a comparison of the diameters extracted from the OCT images with the more reliable DVA values gave an average underestimation of 14% (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the total retinal blood flow using dual beam Fourier-domain Doppler optical coherence tomography with orthogonal detection planes

Doblhoff-Dier¹,

Schmetterer²,

Vilser³

et al. 2014

Biomed. Opt. Express

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100

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Abstract:We present a system capable of measuring the total retinal blood flow using a combination of dual beam Fourier-domain Doppler optical coherence tomography with orthogonal detection planes and a fundus camera-based retinal vessel analyzer. Our results show a high degree of conformity of venous and arterial flows, which corroborates the validity of the measurements. In accordance with Murray's law, the log-log regression coefficient between vessel diameter and blood flow was found to be ~3. The blood's velocity scaled linearly with the vessel diameter at higher diameters (> 60 µm), but showed a clear divergence from the linear dependence at lower diameters. Good agreement with literature data and the large range and high measurement sensitivity point to a high potential for further investigations. 673-800 (1987). 33. J. E. Grunwald, C. E. Riva, J. Baine, and A. J. Brucker, "Total retinal volumetric blood flow rate in diabetic patients with poor glycemic control," Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 33(2), 356-363 (1992). 34. J. E. Grunwald, J. DuPont, and C. E. Riva, "Retinal haemodynamics in patients with early diabetes mellitus," Br.J. Ophthalmol. 80(4), 327-331 (1996). 35. B. Pemp, E. Polska, G. Garhofer, M. Bayerle-Eder, A. Kautzky-Willer, and L. Schmetterer, "Retinal blood flow in type 1 diabetic patients with no or mild diabetic retinopathy during euglycemic clamp," Diabetes Care 33(9), 2038-2042 (2010 562-568 (1931). 39. T. W. Secomb and A. R. Pries, "Blood viscosity in microvessels: Experiment and theory," C. R. Phys. 14(6), 470-478 (2013). 40. E. Logean, L. Schmetterer, and C. E. Riva, "Velocity Profile of Red Blood Cells in Human Retinal Vessels using Confocal Scanning Laser Doppler Velocimetry," Laser Phys. 13, 45-51 (2003). 41. J. P. Garcia, Jr., P. T. Garcia, and R. B. Rosen, "Retinal blood flow in the normal human eye using the canon laser blood flowmeter," Ophthalmic Res. 34(5), 295-299 (2002)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the total retinal blood flow using dual beam Fourier-domain Doppler optical coherence tomography with orthogonal detection planes

Doblhoff-Dier¹,

Schmetterer²,

Vilser³

et al. 2014

Biomed. Opt. Express

Self Cite

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This response is dysregulated in the diabetic retina prior to appearance of observable vascular lesions, although it regulates the changes in blood flow that occur in animal models of DR (63) and in diabetic patients (64). Retinal vascular responses to diffuse illuminance flicker reflects impaired neurovascular coupling and abnormal endothelial-glia associations (65), resulting in attenuated arteriolar and venular dilatory responses (66) that may have early predictive value (67) in early-stage DR.…”

Section: The Neurovascular Unit: a Framework For Understanding Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetic retinopathy: current understanding, mechanisms, and treatment strategies

Duh¹,

Sun²,

Stitt³

2017

JCI Insight

764

648

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“…This interest is attributable to the importance of ocular blood flow as a parameter in studies of ocular pathophysiology and its potential to serve as an early marker of a variety of ocular diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. The importance of ocular blood flow has driven the development of multiple measurement technologies including retinal/dynamic vessel analysis, 1 microsphere methods, [2][3][4] laser Doppler-based velocimetry [5][6][7][8] and flowmetry, [9][10][11] laser speckle imaging, [11][12][13] magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), [14][15][16] color Doppler ultrasound imaging, [17][18][19] and optical coherence tomography (OCT). [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] En face Doppler OCT, the modality used in this study, is a noninvasive, OCT-based technique that measures the Doppler velocities in the en face plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating anesthetic protocols for functional blood flow imaging in the rat eye

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of five different anesthetic protocols (isoflurane, isoflurane-xylazine, pentobarbital, ketamine-xylazine, and ketamine-xylazine-vecuronium) for functional blood flow imaging in the rat eye. Total retinal blood flow was measured at a series of time points using an ultrahighspeed Doppler OCT system. Additionally, each anesthetic protocol was qualitatively evaluated according to the following criteria: (1) time-stability of blood flow, (2) overall rate of blood flow, (3) ocular immobilization, and (4) simplicity. We observed that different anesthetic protocols produced markedly different blood flows. Different anesthetic protocols also varied with respect to the four evaluated criteria. These findings suggest that the choice of anesthetic protocol should be carefully considered when designing and interpreting functional blood flow studies in the rat eye. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Use of the retinal vessel analyzer in ocular blood flow research

Cited by 192 publications

References 20 publications

Measurement of the total retinal blood flow using dual beam Fourier-domain Doppler optical coherence tomography with orthogonal detection planes

Measurement of the total retinal blood flow using dual beam Fourier-domain Doppler optical coherence tomography with orthogonal detection planes

Diabetic retinopathy: current understanding, mechanisms, and treatment strategies

Evaluating anesthetic protocols for functional blood flow imaging in the rat eye

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