Use of the predictable quantum efficient detector with light sources of uncontrolled state of polarization

Sildoja, Meelis-Mait; Dönsberg, Timo; Mäntynen, Henrik; Merimaa, Mikko; Manoocheri, Farshid; Ikonen, Erkki

doi:10.1088/0957-0233/25/1/015203

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…±0.5 nm of the centre wavelength during the measurement could cause changes in the reflectance and thereby measured signal of approx. 50 ppm 7 [10]. At around 680 nm and 800 nm the change of reflectance would be an ordner of magnitude lower if the wavelength changed by ±0.5 nm.…”

Section: Angular Dependencementioning

confidence: 96%

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Characterization of a room temperature predictable quantum efficient detector for applications in radiometry and photometry

et al. 2018

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This paper presents the experimental characterization of predictable quantum efficient detectors, which have been designed for use at room temperature. The aim of the characterization was to validate modelled properties experimentally and, thus, the feasibility of such room temperature predictable quantum efficient detectors to be used as primary radiometric standards for applications in the fields of photometry and radiometry with an aimed uncertainty level of 0.01%. The characterizations were focused on linearity, thermal, angular, spectral and polarization dependencies of the detector that need to be known and considered in the respective applications. The results of the characterization measurements confirm the predictability of the detector, within the aimed 0.01% uncertainty level and, thus, the high potential for using that kind of devices as primary standards for applications in radiometry and photometry.

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Section: Angular Dependencementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Therefore, a correction is needed for these remaining losses. The expected values for the remaining reflectance were calculated by Sildoja et al [10] as a function of wavelength and the state of polarization of the light source.…”

Section: Polarization Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a room temperature predictable quantum efficient detector for applications in radiometry and photometry

et al. 2018

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“…The individual photocurrents of the two photodiodes in the PQED can then provide information on the detector and photodiode alignment. At some wavelengths the reflectance loss of the PQED can be determined from the photocurrent ratio when the incident light has an uncontrolled state of polarization [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary standard of optical power operating at room temperature

Dönsberg

Sildoja

Manoocheri

et al. 2014

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The Predictable Quantum Efficient Detector (PQED) is evaluated as a new primary standard of optical power. Design and characterization results are presented for a new compact room temperature PQED that consists of two custom-made induced junction photodiodes mounted in a wedged trap configuration. The detector assembly includes a window aligned in Brewster angle in front of the photodiodes for high transmission of p polarized light. The detector can also be operated without the window, in which case a dry nitrogen flow system is utilized to prevent dust contamination of the photodiodes. Measurements of individual detectors at the wavelength of 488 nm indicate that reflectance and internal quantum efficiency are consistent within 14 ppm and 10 ppm (ppm = part per million), respectively, and agree with the predicted values. The measured photocurrent ratio of the two photodiodes confirms the predicted value for s and p polarized light, and the spatial variation in the photocurrent ratio can be used to estimate the uniformity in the thickness of the silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the photodiodes. In addition, the spatial non-uniformity of the responsivity of the PQED is an order of magnitude lower than that of single photodiodes. Such data provide evidence that the room temperature PQED may replace the cryogenic radiometer as a primary standard of optical power in the visible wavelength range.

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“…The IQE of such diodes operated at room temperature can be modelled with an estimated standard uncertainty of 70 ppm in the visible wavelength range [10]. Due to the wedged trap configuration of the PQED, shown in figure 1, the uncertainty of the PQED reflectance is less than 30 ppm for most of the visible wavelength range [7,15]. As both the reflectance and the IQE are small, the relative responsivity of the PQED can be approximated as…”

Section: Pqed-based Methods For Realization Of Photometric Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for decreasing uncertainties in LED photometry

Dönsberg¹,

Pulli²,

Sildoja³

et al. 2015

17th International Congress of Metrology

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Abstract. Even though energy-efficient and sustainable solutions, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), have become popular in general lighting, mainly incandescent lamps are used as measurement standards in photometry. Optical properties of the LED lamps together with the often unstable built-in power converters bring challenges to NMIs and testing laboratories. Due to the narrow and complicated spectra of the LED lamps, the uncertainties of traditional photometers calibrated by incandescent lamps tend to increase when LED lamps are measured. Switching from an incandescent lamp to an LED-based calibration source would decrease the uncertainty related to the spectral mismatch correction. LED-based photometric standard lamps would also have other benefits, such as long lifetime and good temporal stability. Moreover, as spectra of white LED lamps are limited to the visible wavelength range, a novel method for illuminance measurements based on the Predictable Quantum Efficient Detector (PQED) can be used to characterize these standard lamps with luminous flux uncertainties significantly below 1 % (k = 2) at NMIs. The method eliminates the need of photometric filters in realization of the illuminance unit. Instead, the photometric weighting is carried out numerically using a separately measured relative spectrum of the source. Well characterized LED-based calibration lamps, together with improved electrical power measurement, would reduce measurement uncertainties of illuminance, luminous intensity, luminous flux and luminous efficacy measurements of LED lamps at NMIs and testing laboratories. This would have a high impact on the development of energy-efficient LED lamps and on the assessment of the energy saving potential of solid state lighting. It is also shown, that recent advances in illuminance and electrical power measurement will enable luminous efficacy measurements of LED lamps with uncertainty well below the present state-of-the-art level of about 1 % (k = 2).

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Use of the predictable quantum efficient detector with light sources of uncontrolled state of polarization

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Characterization of a room temperature predictable quantum efficient detector for applications in radiometry and photometry

Characterization of a room temperature predictable quantum efficient detector for applications in radiometry and photometry

Primary standard of optical power operating at room temperature

Methods for decreasing uncertainties in LED photometry

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