Use of the polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in clinical specimens and its comparison to commercially available tests.

Accuracy of tests used to detect infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic pregnant women: a systematic review

“…The studies evaluated a following tests: PCR, direct enzyme immunoassay (MicroTrak SYVA), direct immunofluorescence assay (MicroTrak SYVA), Chlamydiazyme (Abbott Laboratories), chlamydia immunoglobulin A (IgA) Rapid SeroTest ELISA (Savyon Diagnostics), Gen-Probe PACE 2 (Gen Probe Inc AQ8 . ), immunoglobulin G (IgG) level via immunofluorescence techniques, Papanicolaou smear, and wet mount gram stain (Table 1) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Seven studies recruited women in antenatal care settings [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and five women who were present at the clinic for termination of pregnancy [16,[17][18][19][20].…”

“…), immunoglobulin G (IgG) level via immunofluorescence techniques, Papanicolaou smear, and wet mount gram stain (Table 1) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Seven studies recruited women in antenatal care settings [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and five women who were present at the clinic for termination of pregnancy [16,[17][18][19][20]. The prevalence of the infection ranged from 2 to 87%.…”

“…The prevalence of the infection ranged from 2 to 87%. All studies except one [11] were carried out in high-income countries (Table 2) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…A total of 8 out of 12 included studies did not provide sufficient description of women's enrolment (unclear risk of bias). The majority of the studies were assessed as a low risk of bias regarding implementation of the index test (Table 3) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The risk of bias in 75% (9/12) of studies on the reference standard was considered as unclear due to insufficient information.…”

“…The risk of bias in 75% (9/12) of studies on the reference standard was considered as unclear due to insufficient information. The risk of bias for flow and timing was unclear in two studies [14,18] and high in one [19]. Women in five studies were recruited from termination clinics.…”