Use of the Open Field Maze to Measure Locomotor and Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice

Seibenhener, M. Lamar; Wooten, Michael C.

doi:10.3791/52434

Cited by 896 publications

(743 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Our data is consistent with the data of earlier studies in rodents [18,19] and in nonhuman primates [20]. Nevertheless, some studies have reported only small or insignificant changes in DA or SN neurons of aged rodent brain [21]. These differential findings in reduced DA levels in some rodents may be due to the lack of compensatory increase in the size and the activity of remaining neurons to replenish the DA depletion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ameliorative Effect of Withaferin A on Ageing-Mediated Impairment in the Dopamine System and Its Associated Behavior of Wistar Albino Rat

et al. 2018

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Withaferin A (WA) was evaluated for its neuro-protective efficacy on ageing induced striatal dopamine (DA) and behavioural changes in aged rats. Wistar albino rats were divided into group I – young (3 months), Group II – aged (24 months), Group III – aged rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg b.w once in a day for 30 days) and Group IV – young rats supplemented with WA (50 mg/kg b.w). The HPLC assay revealed significant decline in the levels of DA and homovanillic acid (HVA) in substantia nigra (SN) and striatum (ST) of aged rat. A marked decline in motor activity of aged rat was observed through open field, beam walking and grid walking motor experiments. These results indicate that ageing reduces nigro-striatal activity as well as nigro-striatal DA levels. Interestingly, the administration of WA (50 mg\kg b.w) resulted in a substantial resurge of DA and HVA in SN and ST and a significant reversal of motor impairment in aged rats. This study is the first report that evidently determines the neuro-protective efficacy of WA on dopaminergic system of SN and ST in aged rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Ameliorative Effect of Withaferin A on Ageing-Mediated Impairment in the Dopamine System and Its Associated Behavior of Wistar Albino Rat

et al. 2018

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“…We used LiCl to produce nausea (Nakajima, ) during the open field to further support our claim that salicylate induces anxiety‐like behavior. Lithium‐treated animals explored the arena's center and border in a similar manner, suggesting no anxiety‐like effects in the exploratory pattern (Seibenhener & Wooten, ). Hence, it is plausible that the lower mobility and center crossing displayed by our subjects after salicylate administration indicates an anxiety‐like behavior rather than pain or nausea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylate induces anxiety‐like behavior and slow theta oscillation and abolishes the relationship between running speed and fast theta oscillation frequency

et al. 2018

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Salicylate intoxication is a cause of tinnitus in humans and it is often used to produce tinnitus-like perception in animal models. Here, we assess whether salicylate induces anxiety-like electrophysiological and behavioral signs. Using microwire electrode arrays, we recorded local field potential in the ventral and, in some experiments dorsal hippocampus, in an open field arena 1 hr after salicylate (300 mg/kg) injection. We found that animals treated with salicylate moved dramatically less than saline treated animals. Salicylate-treated animals showed a strong 4-6 Hz (type 2) oscillation in the ventral hippocampus (with smaller peaks in dorsal hippocampus electrodes). Coherence in the 4-6 Hz-theta band was low in the ventral and dorsal hippocampus when compared to movement-related theta coherence (7-10 Hz). Moreover, movement related theta oscillation frequency decreased and its dependency on running speed was abolished. Our results suggest that salicylate-induced theta is mostly restricted to the ventral hippocampus. Slow theta has been classically associated to anxiety-like behaviors. Here, we show that salicylate application can consistently generate low frequency theta in the ventral hippocampus. Tinnitus and anxiety show strong comorbidity and the increase in ventral hippocampus low frequency theta could be part of this association.

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“…EthoVision XT (Noldus) software tracked the distance moved, velocity, time spent in each zone, and duration of movement and nonmovement. The OF protocol has been previously validated . Here, both mutant and wild‐type mice were evaluated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal glutamine supplementation in murine succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, a disorder of γ‐aminobutyric acid metabolism

Brown

Walters

Schmidt

et al. 2019

J of Inher Metab Disea

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Murine succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD) manifests with high concentrations of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and γ‐hydroxybutyrate (GHB) and low glutamine in the brain. To understand the pathogenic contribution of central glutamine deficiency, we exposed aldh5a1−/− (SSADHD) mice and their genetic controls (aldh5a1+/+) to either a 4% (w/w) glutamine‐containing diet or a glutamine‐free diet from conception until postnatal day 30. Endpoints included brain, liver and blood amino acids, brain GHB, ataxia scores, and open field testing. Glutamine supplementation did not improve aldh5a1−/− brain glutamine deficiency nor brain GABA and GHB. It decreased brain glutamate but did not change the ratio of excitatory (glutamate) to inhibitory (GABA) neurotransmitters. In contrast, glutamine supplementation significantly increased brain arginine (30% for aldh5a1+/+ and 18% for aldh5a1−/− mice), and leucine (12% and 18%). Glutamine deficiency was confirmed in the liver. The test diet increased hepatic glutamate in both genotypes, decreased glutamine in aldh5a1+/+ but not in aldh5a1−/−, but had no effect on GABA. Dried bloodspot analyses showed significantly elevated GABA in mutants (approximately 800% above controls) and decreased glutamate (approximately 25%), but no glutamine difference with controls. Glutamine supplementation did not impact blood GABA but significantly increased glutamine and glutamate in both genotypes indicating systemic exposure to dietary glutamine. Ataxia and pronounced hyperactivity were observed in aldh5a1−/− mice but remained unchanged by the diet intervention. The study suggests that glutamine supplementation improves peripheral but not central glutamine deficiency in experimental SSADHD. Future studies are needed to fully understand the pathogenic role of brain glutamine deficiency in SSADHD.

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Use of the Open Field Maze to Measure Locomotor and Anxiety-like Behavior in Mice

Cited by 896 publications

References 27 publications

Ameliorative Effect of <b><i>Withaferin</i></b> <b><i>A</i></b> on Ageing-Mediated Impairment in the Dopamine System and Its Associated Behavior of Wistar Albino Rat

Ameliorative Effect of <b><i>Withaferin</i></b> <b><i>A</i></b> on Ageing-Mediated Impairment in the Dopamine System and Its Associated Behavior of Wistar Albino Rat

Salicylate induces anxiety‐like behavior and slow theta oscillation and abolishes the relationship between running speed and fast theta oscillation frequency

Maternal glutamine supplementation in murine succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency, a disorder of γ‐aminobutyric acid metabolism

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