“…The shape of the curve is affected by some forms of lung disease; in general, there are obstructive conditions in which the mixing of gases within the lung is affected. Conditions such as pulmonary embolism and congenital heart disease, which affect perfusion of the lung, do not, in themselves, affect the shape of the curve, but greatly affect the relationship between expired CO 2 and arterial blood CO 2 .Capnography can also be used to measure carbon dioxide production, a measure of metabolism [10].…”