Use of terrestrial field studies in the derivation of bioaccumulation potential of chemicals

Brink, Nico W. van den; Arblaster, Jennifer A.; Bowman, Sarah R.; Conder, Jason M.; Elliott, John E.; Johnson, Mark S.; Muir, Derek C. G.; Natal-da-Luz, Tiago; Rattner, Barnett A.; Sample, Bradley E.; Shore, Richard F.

doi:10.1002/ieam.1717

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…These differences are important with respect to bioaccumulation, as the presence of a hard integument can greatly affect the balance between the two major routes of uptake across the dermal and oral pathways. 270 Soft bodied organisms may accumulate chemicals through skin (dermal uptake), 271 which is less likely for hard bodied organisms. Furthermore, hard bodied organisms that shed their integument during growth have this additional and potentially efficient route of excretion that may not be available to soft bodies species.…”

Section: Multicellular Organisms (Excluding Plants)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

Petersen

Mortimer

Burgess

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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One of the key components for environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is data on bioaccumulation potential. Accurately measuring bioaccumulation can be critical for regulatory decision making regarding material hazard and risk, and for understanding the mechanism of toxicity. This perspective provides expert guidance for performing ENM bioaccumulation measurements across a broad range of test organisms and species. To accomplish this aim, we critically evaluated ENM bioaccumulation within three categories of organisms: single-celled species, multicellular species excluding plants, and multicellular plants. For aqueous exposures of suspended single-celled and small multicellular species, it is critical to perform a robust procedure to separate suspended ENMs and small organisms to avoid overestimating bioaccumulation. For many multicellular organisms, it is essential to differentiate between the ENMs adsorbed to external surfaces or in the digestive tract and the amount absorbed across epithelial tissues. For multicellular plants, key considerations include how exposure route and the role of the rhizosphere may affect the quantitative measurement of uptake, and that the efficiency of washing procedures to remove loosely attached ENMs to the roots is not well understood. Within each organism category, case studies are provided to illustrate key methodological considerations for conducting robust bioaccumulation experiments for different species within each major group. The full scope of ENM bioaccumulation measurements and interpretations are discussed including conducting the organism exposure, separating organisms from the ENMs in the test media after exposure, analytical methods to quantify ENMs in the tissues or cells, and modeling the ENM bioaccumulation results. One key finding to improve bioaccumulation measurements was the critical need for further analytical method development to identify and quantify ENMs in complex matrices. Overall, the discussion, suggestions, and case studies described herein will help improve the robustness of ENM bioaccumulation studies.

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Section: Multicellular Organisms (Excluding Plants)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determination of trophic status in mesocosm or field studies can be challenging, a challenge not restricted to studies on ENMs. 270 Furthermore, many organisms feed from multiple food chains and trophic levels during their lifespans or even simultaneously in the case of omnivory. Stable isotope (e.g.…”

Section: Trophic Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

Petersen

Mortimer

Burgess

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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“…Prospective bioaccummulation studies for regulatory compliance largely focus on derivation, or prediction, of a bioconcentration factor (BCF) for a specific chemical (Meylan et al ), in which log K OW of organic chemicals is the key parameter to predict BCFs in fish and aquatic invertebrates. However, BCFs are laboratory‐derived using aqueous exposures, do not consider dietary chemical uptake, and may not be equally predictable in terrestrial environments (Van den Brink et al ). As the science of bioaccumulation has advanced, so has an understanding of metabolism and elimination in wildlife.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Sustainable Environmental Quality: Priority Research Questions for North America

Fairbrother

Muir

Solomon

et al. 2019

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Anticipating, identifying, and prioritizing strategic needs represent essential activities by research organizations. Decided benefits emerge when these pursuits engage globally important environment and health goals, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. To this end, horizon scanning efforts can facilitate identification of specific research needs to address grand challenges. We report and discuss 40 priority research questions following engagement of scientists and engineers in North America. These timely questions identify the importance of stimulating innovation and developing new methods, tools, and concepts in environmental chemistry and toxicology to improve assessment and management of chemical contaminants and other diverse environmental stressors. Grand challenges to achieving sustainable management of the environment are becoming increasingly complex and structured by global megatrends, which collectively challenge existing sustainable environmental quality efforts. Transdisciplinary, systems‐based approaches will be required to define and avoid adverse biological effects across temporal and spatial gradients. Similarly, coordinated research activities among organizations within and among countries are necessary to address the priority research needs reported here. Acquiring answers to these 40 research questions will not be trivial, but doing so promises to advance sustainable environmental quality in the 21st century. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1606–1624. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

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“…Gut contents may comprise a significant portion of the total body burden and be an important component of the risk associated with secondary exposure to contaminants (Walker et al 2002). Ideally AR burdens in the gut content should be reported separately from concentrations for the rest of the carcass so that TBCs with and without the gut contents can be calculated; such separation of data is also useful when calculating biomagnification factors (van den Brink et al 2016). The way in which residue data are calculated and summarised can also have a major impact on the magnitude of residues reported.…”

Section: Recovery Correction Of Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Exposure and Effects in Non-target Animals

Shore

Cœurdassier

2017

Emerging Topics in Ecotoxicology

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The toxicity of anticoagulant rodenticides to non-target species is one of the root concerns over wide-scale use of these compounds. Compared with the numerous studies documenting secondary exposure in predators, there have been relatively few studies on primary exposure in non-targets. We consider why primary exposure of non-targets occurs, which species are most likely to be exposed, how and why exposure magnitude varies, and whether exposure results in ecologically significant effects. Species groups or trophic guilds most at risk of primary exposure include invertebrates, reptiles, birds and mammals. Relatively little is known about exposure and particularly effects in invertebrates and reptiles although recent studies suggest that anticoagulants may impact invertebrates, presumably through different toxic pathways to those that result in vertebrate toxicity. Amongst higher vertebrates, primary exposure occurs in some bird species but there is little information on extent and importance. There are more studies on non-target mammals and it is granivorous species that are most likely to feed on bait and accumulate residues, as might be predicted given their ecological and trophic similarities to target species. However, studies suggest a surprisingly high degree of exposure in shrews, although it is unclear the extent to which this is primary and/or secondary. Overall, arguably the most striking aspect of primary exposure in mammals is the large-scale variation both in the proportion of animals exposed and the magnitude of residues accumulated. We consider the multiple abiotic and biotic factors that may drive this, including the direct and indirect effects of resistance in target species. In terms of ecologically significant effects, primary exposure clearly does cause acute mortalities in nontarget vertebrates and these have been associated with significant population impacts on intensively baited islands where there has been limited or no potential for immigration. Localised population impacts have also been documented in mainland small mammals but most non-targets are likely to be r-selected species. Population declines may therefore be expected to be relatively short-term, provided baiting is episodic, as population numbers can recover through high intrinsic rate of reproduction in survivors, reduced density-dependent mortality, and immigration. However, prolonged or permanent baiting may potentially result in long-term depletion of resident non-target populations that is ameliorated only by immigration; such areas may act as population sinks.

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Use of terrestrial field studies in the derivation of bioaccumulation potential of chemicals

Cited by 31 publications

References 108 publications

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

Toward Sustainable Environmental Quality: Priority Research Questions for North America

Primary Exposure and Effects in Non-target Animals

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