Use of temporal/seasonal- and size-dependent bioaerosol data to characterize the contribution of outdoor fungi to residential exposures

Liao, Chung‐Min; Luo, Wen-Chang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.036

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This is in contradiction to the seasonal variability reported by Liao et al (2004) and Liao and Luo (2005), who found far higher concentrations in summertime. Heat and, especially, humidity play the main roles for fungal growth in the MASP, which has a subtropical climate.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting that Mexico City has a climate similar to that of the studied area in São Paulo. Liao and colleagues (Liao et al 2004;Liao and Luo 2005) studied temporal/seasonal size characteristics of fungal spores and meteorological data in a subtropical climate in South China and, found that higher indoor airborne fungal concentrations occurred in early and late afternoon, with median values of 699 and 626 CFU m −3 in summer and 139 and 99 CFU m −3 in winter, respectively. In this study, both sampling periods were excellent examples of MASP climatology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor and outdoor atmospheric fungal spores in the São Paulo metropolitan area (Brazil): species and numeric concentrations

Gonçalves

Bauer

Cardoso³

et al. 2009

Int J Biometeorol

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The aim of this study was to estimate the indoor and outdoor concentrations of fungal spores in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo (MASP), collected at different sites in winter/spring and summer seasons. The techniques adopted included cultivation (samples collected with impactors) and microscopic enumeration (samples collected with impingers). The overall results showed total concentrations of fungal spores as high as 36,000 per cubic meter, with a large proportion of non culturable spores (around 91% of the total). Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus sp. were the dominant species both indoors and outdoors, in all seasons tested, occurring in more than 30% of homes at very high concentrations of culturable airborne fungi [colony forming units(CFU) m(-3)]. There was no significant difference between indoor and outdoor concentrations. The total fungal spore concentration found in winter was 19% higher than that in summer. Heat and humidity were the main factors affecting fungal growth; however, a non-linear response to these factors was found. Thus, temperatures below 16 degrees C and above 25 degrees C caused a reduction in the concentration (CFU m(-3)) of airborne fungi, which fits with MASP climatalogy. The same pattern was observed for humidity, although not as clearly as with temperature given the usual high relative humidity (above 70%) in the study area. These results are relevant for public health interventions that aim to reduce respiratory morbidity among susceptible populations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor and outdoor atmospheric fungal spores in the São Paulo metropolitan area (Brazil): species and numeric concentrations

Gonçalves

Bauer

Cardoso³

et al. 2009

Int J Biometeorol

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“…Although diurnal variations of viable bacterial counts were observed in this study, statistically it is not possible to claim that their levels were, in general, higher and/or lower in any period of the day because of the intraenvironmental variations. Liao and Luo (2005) pointed out the unclear contribution of fungal concentrations that originated from outdoors to indoors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple comparisons of organic, microbial, and fine particulate pollutants in typical indoor environments: Diurnal and seasonal variations

Menteşe

Rad

Arısoy

et al. 2012

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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This study was performed to investigate the possible sources as well as seasonal and diurnal variations of indoor air pollutants in widely used four different environments (house, office, kindergarten, and primary school) in which people spend most of their time. Bioaerosol levels and species, volatile organic compound (VOC) levels, and PM 2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 mm) levels were determined in different parts of these environments in parallel with outdoor sampling. Air pollution samplings were carried out in each microenvironment during five subsequent days in both winter and summer in Ankara, Turkey. The results indicated that bioaerosol, VOC, and PM 2.5 levels were higher in the winter than in the summer. Moreover, PM 2.5 and bioaerosol levels showed remarkable daily and diurnal variations, whereas a good correlation was found between the VOC levels measured in the morning and in the afternoon. Bacteria levels were, in general, higher than fungi levels. Among the VOCs, toluene was the most predominant, whereas elevated n-hexane levels were also observed in the kindergarten and the primary school, probably due to the frequent wet cleaning during school days. According to factor analysis, several factors were found to be significantly influencing the indoor air quality (IAQ), and amongst them, VOC-based products used indoors ranked first. The overall results indicate that grab sampling in naturally ventilated places may overestimate or underestimate the IAQ due to the inhomogeneous composition of indoor air caused by irregular exchanges with the outdoor air according to the season and/or occupants' habits.Implications: Seasonal and diurnal variations of VOCs, PM 2.5 , bioaerosols in house, office, and schools were observed, in which PM 2.5 and bioaeorosols showed marked both intra-and interday variability, but VOCs did not. VOC-containing products were the most common source of air pollutants affecting the indoor air quality. External factors affecting the indoor air quality were season and indirectly ventilation. A grab sample cannot be representative in evaluating the air quality of a naturally ventilated environment precisely.

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“…Control of exposure to microbiological hazards in wastes collection and disposal is not easy. In wastes management systems, various types of _________________________ wastes are collected and they generate complex mixtures of dusts and biological agents with various health risks [8]. Although there has recently been a gradual increase in the scientific database regarding exposure to bioaerosols in the workplaces of several countries [9][10][11], significant data on the bioaerosol exposure in many unsurveyed occupational environments are still needed in order to properly link occupational bioaerosol exposure to health effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of bioaerosols in the air around the facilities of waste collection and disposal

Roodbari¹,

Naddafi²,

Ali³

2013

Environ. Protect. Eng.

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Exposure to bioaerosols at various stages of waste management system (collection, transfer and disposal) has been evaluated by recording of the bacterial and fungal concentrations in the air around these facilities. Regardless of the season, the total bacteria and total fungi were detected for all samples, whereas the fungal genera were not. The bioaerosol concentrations measured in the waste collection bins were significantly higher than those of the transfer station and landfill site. The mean microbial concentrations at wastes container bins and in-operation trench exceeded the Iran outdoor bioaerosol guidelines (850 CFU/m 3), thus suggesting the need for remedial action regarding microorganisms, in order to reduce the exposure at the wastes management system.

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Use of temporal/seasonal- and size-dependent bioaerosol data to characterize the contribution of outdoor fungi to residential exposures

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Indoor and outdoor atmospheric fungal spores in the São Paulo metropolitan area (Brazil): species and numeric concentrations

Indoor and outdoor atmospheric fungal spores in the São Paulo metropolitan area (Brazil): species and numeric concentrations

Multiple comparisons of organic, microbial, and fine particulate pollutants in typical indoor environments: Diurnal and seasonal variations

Measurements of bioaerosols in the air around the facilities of waste collection and disposal

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