Use of synchrophasor measurements in protective relaying applications

O'Brien, J.N.; Deronja, Alla; Apostolov, A.; Arana, Andrew; Begović, Miroslav; Brahma, Sukumar; Brunello, G.; Calero, Fernando; Faulk, Herb; Hu, Yi; Kobet, Gary; Kirkham, Harold; Liao, Yuan; Liu, Chih-Wen; Lu, Yuchen; Lukach, Don; Martin, Ken; Mooney, Joe; Murphy, Jay; Narendra, Krish; Novosel, Damir; Patel, Mahendra; Price, Elmo; Saygin, Sinan; Skendžić, V.; Taylor, R.P.; Tziouvaras, D.A.; Ward, Solveig

doi:10.1109/cpre.2014.6798992

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…PMU based time-synchronized measurements are also used in relay protection and FL identification. PS Relaying Committee Report of Working Group C-14 presented some of the useful relaying applications which cover power swing detection, line reclosing selectivity, synchrophasor assisted black start, automatic generator shedding, distance protection, bus differential protection and line differential protection [72].…”

Section: Fault Location Identification and Protective Relayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of synchrophasor technologies in power systems

Usman

Faruque

2018

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

107

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Synchrophasors are time-synchronized electrical measurements that represent both the magnitude and phase angle of the electrical sinusoids. Synchrophasors are measured by fast time-stamped devices called phasor measurement units (PMUs) to constitute the basis of realtime monitoring and control actions in the electric grid. Due to its enhanced situational awareness capabilities, many applications of PMUs are presented in the literature in the past decades. This paper presents a comprehensive summary of synchrophasor technology, its architecture, optimal placement techniques and its applications in electric power transmission and distribution systems. These applications include wide-area situational awareness and monitoring, state estimation, fault location and protective relaying, islanding detection etc. This review also covers some of the existing challenges in its implementation and its potential applications.

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Section: Fault Location Identification and Protective Relayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of synchrophasor technologies in power systems

Usman

Faruque

2018

J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy

107

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“…In this context, synchrophasor technology provides suitable tools to improve backup protection for wide area application. A phasor data concentrator (PDC/controller) in one single location can decide if there is a fault in the protected zone and, consequently, avoid unnecessary Zone 3 tripping caused by load encroachment [5]. Wide area monitoring, protection, and control (WAMPAC) systems include situational awareness applications that help system operators to deal with critical operational conditions that may occur in power systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of IIA Method and Virtual Bus Theory for Backup Protection of a Zone Using PMU Data in a WAMPAC System

et al. 2022

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Many wide area monitoring, protection, and control (WAMPAC) systems are being deployed by grid operators to deal with critical operational conditions that may occur in power systems. Thanks to the real-time measurements provided by a set of distributed phasor measurement units (PMUs), different protection algorithms can be run in a central location. In this context, this article presents and validates a novel method that can be used as a backup protection for a selected area in a power system. It merges the integrated impedance angle (IIA) protection method with the theory of virtual buses in wide area electrical power systems. The backup protection works this way: once a fault is detected (pickup time), another delay (added to the pickup time) is defined in order to wait for the primary protection to act. If this does not happen, the algorithm generates its backup trip. The proposed method has been called the zone integrated impedance angle (Zone IIA). A real-time PMU laboratory has been used to test the proposed algorithm using a real-time digital simulator (RTDS). The algorithm has been programmed in a real-time automation controller (RTAC). It has been tested in two different simulated setups: first, a 400 kV transmission system, with and without the use of renewable energy sources (RES); second, a 150 kV submarine line between the Greece mainland and an island, which is currently the longest submarine alternating current connection in the world. The results obtained during the tests have yielded tripping times for area protection in the order of 48 ms, if no time delay is used between the fault detection and the trip order. According to the test results, the proposed method is stable, reliable, obedient, and secure, also with RES installed in the power system. Additionally, the method is selective, i.e., during the tests no trip was executed for external faults, no trip was executed in no-fault condition, and all the applied internal faults were detected and tripped correctly. Finally, the protection method is easy to implement. The method is also applicable to protection against short circuits in distribution systems. According to the trip times observed during the tests, it is clear that these algorithms are well suited to implement backup protections in transmission grids, even in scenarios with high penetration of renewable energies. Considering that backup trip times in transmission grids are usually set between 400 and 1000 ms, and that the actuation times obtained by the proposed algorithm are under 100 ms, the method is suitable for its use as a backup protection.

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“…A solution to power swing problem is addressed using PMU data in [10]. PMU data is also used in generator black start [10] islanding and anti-islanding conditions with Distributed Energy Resources (DER) [11], to measure transmission relay parameters [12] and in protective relaying applications [13]. A basic PMU can provide a minimum of 30 samples of data per second.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using phasor data for visualization and data mining in smart-grid applications

Mukherjee

Vallakati

Lachenaud

et al. 2015

2015 IEEE First International Conference on DC Microgrids (ICDCM)

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This paper presents a density based clustering (DBSCAN) technique to visualize and analyze the smart-grid data. The technique will aid in detecting bad-data, various fault types, deviation on frequency, voltage or current values for better situational awareness. Synchrophasors (or a PMU) is a sensor placed on a transmission line that tracks voltage, current, phase and frequency of the line. To improve situational awareness of the smart grid monitoring in real-time, the utility must monitor the phasor data measurement delivered by the sensors. Time-stamped synchronized measurements offer tremendous benefit for pre and post-event analysis. The paper uses data from openPDC framework to aid system operators in carrying various predictive analytics, decisions.

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Use of synchrophasor measurements in protective relaying applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 28 publications

Applications of synchrophasor technologies in power systems

Applications of synchrophasor technologies in power systems

Application of IIA Method and Virtual Bus Theory for Backup Protection of a Zone Using PMU Data in a WAMPAC System

Using phasor data for visualization and data mining in smart-grid applications

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