Use of surrogate respondents in a case control study of dietary risk factors for Alzheimer's disease

Petot, Grace J.; Debanne, Sara M.; Riedel, Tatiana M.; Smyth, Kathleen A.; Koss, Elizabeth; Lerner, Alan J.; Friedland, Robert P.

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(02)90190-2

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Previously, we reported the results of 2 studies comparing responses from our first 50 control group members with responses from their surrogates on a variety of measures. 16,17 Generally, we found no systematic underreporting or overreporting by the surrogates for the control group members across a wide array of variables. Hence, we conclude that if there are biases in the responses of the surrogates for the AD cases in our study, they are not likely to be canceled out by using surrogates for control group members.…”

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confidence: 55%

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Participation in Novelty-Seeking Leisure Activities and Alzheimer’s Disease

Fritsch

Smyth

Debanne

et al. 2005

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol

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The objective was to study the associations between participation in different types of mentally stimulating leisure activities and status as Alzheimer's disease (AD) case or normal control. Research suggests that participation in leisure activities, especially mentally stimulating activities, is associated with a lower risk for AD. However, no study has yet evaluated associations between AD and different types of mental leisure activities, especially those involving "novelty seeking." The authors used a case-control design to compare participation in activities across the life span in persons with AD and normal controls. Cases (n = 264) were recruited from clinical settings and from the community. Controls were drawn from 2 populations. Control group A members (n = 364) were the friends or neighbors of the cases or members of the same organizations to which the cases belonged. Control group B members (n = 181) were randomly drawn from the community. The 2 control groups did not differ in their responses to most activity questions, so they were combined. Factor analysis of activity questions identified 3 activity factors: (1) novelty seeking; (2) exchange of ideas; and (3) social. Logistic regression analysis indicated that, adjusting for control variables, greater participation in novelty-seeking and exchange-of-ideas activities was significantly associated with decreased odds of AD. The odds of AD were lower among those who more often participated in activities involving exchange of ideas and were lower yet for those who more frequently participated in novelty-seeking activities. We conclude that participation in a variety of mental activities across the life span may lower one's chances of developing AD.

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confidence: 55%

“…We have previously shown that self-reporting of control group members did not introduce systematic biases in responses across a variety of measures. 16,17 Measures Educational attainment. Education was measured in terms of the highest year of schooling completed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Participation in Novelty-Seeking Leisure Activities and Alzheimer’s Disease

Fritsch

Smyth

Debanne

et al. 2005

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol

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Dietary intervention in older adults with early-stage Alzheimer Dementia: Early lessons learned

Shatenstein

Kergoat

Reid

et al. 2008

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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In older adults, an adequate diet depends on their ability to procure and prepare food and eat independently or the availability of dietary assistance when needed. Inadequate food intake or increased nutritional requirements lead to poor nutritional status, which is considered a key determinant of morbidity, increased risk of infection, and mortality in elderly individuals. Weight loss among seniors also heralds increased morbidity and mortality. Dietary behaviour disorders affecting food consumption, nutrition status and maintenance of body weight are common in older adults, and have a substantial impact on nutritional status and quality of life among older adults with Alzheimer Dementia (AD). The Nutrition Intervention Study (NIS) is ongoing. It employs a quasi-experimental pre-post intervention design in physically-well, community-dwelling early stage AD patients aged 70 y or older. To date, 34 intervention group patients and 25 control group participants have been recruited with their primary caregivers (CG) from 6 hospital-based memory and geriatric clinics in Montreal. The NIS uses clinical dietetics principles to develop and offer tailored dietary strategies to patients and their CG. This paper reports on the application of dietary intervention strategies in two intervention group participants; one was deemed successful while the other was considered unsuccessful. The report documents challenges encountered in assessing and counselling this clientele, and seeks to explain the outcome of intervention in these patients.

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