Use of supercritical CO₂ as a dispersing agent in the preparation of a polymer‐layered silicate nanocomposite

Abstract

The usefulness of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) in the processing of thermoplastic olefin (TPO) nanocomposites was investigated using a simple extensional flow mixing device. An organoclay (Cloisite® 20A), a maleated polypropylene (Polybond® 3200), and a TPO polymer were selected for this study. The three components were combined in different manners to evaluate how scCO2 influenced the microstructure of a final nanocomposite prepared by different mixing orders of the formulation components. The organoclay was examined in its as‐supplied state as well as after being conditioned under scCO2. Analyses of the nanocomposites by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and parallel plate rheology techniques showed that inclusion of scCO2 during melt compounding significantly contributed to disrupting the crystalline order in the structure of the original organoclay. However, the order by which the formulation components are combined under scCO2 was important to clay dispersion. It was shown that making use of the proper combination order led to an improvement in the modulus of the resulting nanocomposites as measured by rheology. POLYM. COMPOS., 38:987–995, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

Polystyrene carbon composite foam with enhanced insulation and fire retardancy for a sustainable future: Critical review

“…Using supercritical CO 2 blowing agent to produce lightweight microcellular foams is not only environment friendly but can offer a better control in cell nucleation by controlling the process parameters. 81,183,184 In this regard, more research needs to be conducted on the use of supercritical CO 2 to study the exfoliation of the carbon in the polymer matrix. We believe that elucidating the study of compatibility of carbon and polymer matrix could help in understanding its effect on morphology, cell formation and insulation performance.…”