Use of Stereolithographic Templates for Surgical and Prosthodontic Implant Planning and Placement. Part I. The Concept

Abstract

Surgical and prosthodontic implant complications are often an inadvertent sequelae of improper diagnosis, planning, and placement. These complications pose a significant challenge in implant dentistry. Presented in this article is a technique using a highly advanced software program along with a rapid prototyping technology called stereolithography. It permits graphic and complex 3D implant simulation and the fabrication of computer-generated surgical templates. These templates seat directly on the bone and are preprogrammed with the individual depth, angulation, and mesio-distal and bucco-lingual positioning of individual implants as planned during the 3D computer simulation.

İmplant Di̇ş Heki̇mli̇ği̇nde Kullanilan Radyografi̇k Tekni̇kleri̇n Cerrahi̇ Ve Proteti̇k Tedavi̇deki̇ Yararlari

“…Böylelikle bilgisayarda yapılan planlama, cerrahiye minimum sapma ile aktarılabilmekte ve çene kemiği ameliyat öncesi birebir modeli vasıtasıyla incelenebilmektedir. Bu cerrahi stentler her frez için ayrı olmak üzere birden fazla olarak hazırlanmak-tadırlar 48 .…”

Stereolithographic Surgical Template: A Review

“…By using the software, the dental team can select implants of specific lengths and diameters from a database of most commercially available implants and it can reproduce a 3D replica of exact dimensions in the desired location on the computer model of the patient's jaw. Examples of such software programs are [2,6]: Following is a flow chart which shows procedure which is followed once the data is obtained:…”

“…It is a exact replica of the desired prosthetic end result. Various radioopaque markers such as gutta-percha balls and strips, metal pins and tubes, radioopaque varnishes and lead foil or barium sulphate in resin powder, aid in determination of the implant location [2,6]. By creating a diagnostic wax up or by duplicating an existing denture, the radiographic template can be fabricated [6].…”

“…Helical CT, along with advancements in stereolithography, has allowed the development of a CAD/CAM processed surgical guide which can be placed on the bony site.But recently, cone beam CT has been recommended for dental imaging, as it presents identification of anatomical landmarks and provides high accuracy and low-radiation exposure levels [2,6,12].…”

“…Recently, computeraided design and manufacturing [2][3][4] have made it possible to use data from computerised tomography to not only plan an implant rehabilitation, but also to transfer this information to the surgery. One of these techniques uses stereolithography, a laserdriven polymerisation process that fabricates an anatomic model and surgical templates [5][6][7]. This novel approach not only allows the precise translation of the treatment plan directly to the surgical field, but it also offers many significant benefits over traditional procedures.…”