Use of Steaming Process to Improve Biochemical Activity of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharides against D-Galactose-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice

Abstract

Polysaccharide from Polygonatum sibiricum (PSP) possesses antioxidant, antiaging, and neuroprotective activities. However, whether and how the steaming process influences the biological activities of PSP, especially against aging-related memory impairment, is not yet known. In this study, Polygonatum sibiricum rhizome was subjected to a “nine steaming and nine drying” process, then PSPs with different steaming times were abstracted. Thereafter, the physicochemical properties were qualified; the antioxidant activities of PSPs were evaluated in a D-gal-induced HT-22 cell model, and the effects of PSPs (PSP0, PSP5 and PSP9) on memory was evaluated using D-gal-injured mice. Our results showed that while the steamed PSPs had a low pH value and a large negative charge, they shared similar main chains and substituents. Cellular experiments showed that the antioxidant activity of steamed PSPs increased. PSP0, PSP5, and PSP9 could significantly ameliorate the memory impairment of D-gal-injured mice, with PSP5 showing the optimal effect. Meanwhile, PSP5 demonstrated the best effect in terms of preventing cell death and synaptic injury in D-gal-injured mice. Additionally, the steamed PSPs increased anti-oxidative stress-related protein expression and decreased inflammation-related protein expression in D-gal-injured mice. Collectively, the steaming process improves the effects of PSPs against D-gal-induced memory impairment in mice, likely by increasing the antioxidant activity of PSPs.

Historical evolution and processing mechanism of ‘nine steaming and nine drying’ of traditional Chinese medicine preparation

“…In addition, in mice damaged by d -galactose, Huangjing steamed and dried five times increased the expression of antioxidant stress related proteins and decreased the expression of inflammatory related proteins (Bian et al. 2022 ). Researchers have verified that the extract from Heshouwu processed by nine steaming and nine drying (Zhishouwu) presented a higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than the extract from raw Heshouwu, with IC 50 values of 0.43 mg/mL and 2.9 mg/mL, respectively ( p < 0.05) (Liu et al.…”

Bioactive phytochemicals and associated multifunctional health-promoting effects of Polygonati Rhizoma

“…PSP0 (prior to process) to PSPS9 (the 9 th cycle) had similar backbones and chemical groups, but varied in molecular weights [37]. Steamed PSPs in general had low pH values and more negative charges, which shared similar main skeleton and side chains [38]. In addition, molar ratios of monosaccharides in PSPs changed during the process of steaming-drying.…”

Tenuifolin in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease‐like phenotypes: Investigation of the mechanisms from the perspectives of calpain system, ferroptosis, and apoptosis

“…2.8 | Measurements of superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde concentration, glutathione, and catalase activity HT-22 cells were inoculated into 96-well plates with 1 Â 10 4 cells per well and treated with Ten (10, 20, and 40 μM) prior to exposure to GCA for 24 h. The cells were collected by centrifugation, and the sample was added to the plate in proportion according to the kit instructions. The absorbance values were detected by a microplate reader and the SOD activity, MDA concentration, GSH, and CAT activity were calculated as previously described (Bian et al, 2022).…”